Addresses the problems of African-American males, and argues that a focus on high literacy for this population is an important strategy for addressing the crisis of education and incarceration. Suggests that literacy is essential to African-American males' participation in the economy. (JB)

Discusses problems facing African-American males, particularly in education and including low academic expectation, few African-American teachers, and development of positive self-image. Lists possible actions to take enhanced self-image, increased funding of programs to address social ills, and involvement of African-American males in education.…

Looks at the current plight of the African-American male, exploring the role of the dominant culture, mass media, and low self-esteem. Describes a possible cure, citing five areas for action, calling for year-round school in some urban areas, exploring Afrocentric curricula, and considering rites of passage programs. (JB)

Briefly describes the lives of important African-American women, detailing the challenges they faced and how they survived from Sojourner Truth to Alice Walker. Suggests that the strengths and lessons of the lives of these women may shed light on how to help African-American males. (JB)

Offers an overview of the position of African-American males, the problems they face, and the consequences for the nation and the African-American community. Looks at underclass status, racism, joblessness, national demographic changes, low educational expectations, intermarriage rates, participation in higher education, and career achievement.…