Today, it has become fashionable to discuss "closing the achievement gap." People know that an achievement gap exists. The question is, what can be done to close it? In 2005, approximately 50 years after the first Brown vs. Board of Education court case, the authors issue the official call for others to join them in researching the mathematics and science education of African American students. Their aim is to encourage researchers, who have a sincere interest in the mathematics and science education of African American students, to join them researching the various educational issues of African American students. In this article, the authors suggest various topics that should be included in the process of attempting to close the achievement gap. The topics addressed regarding African American student achievement in mathematics and science are: (1) historical awareness of the education of African Americans; (2) teacher expectations and beliefs; (3) cultural awareness; (4) testing; (5) equity in the classroom; and (6) career selections. The authors challenge researchers to attempt to find solutions to remedy the problem of the achievement gap of African American students and their white counterparts. Researchers should make it a priority to uplift and motivate African American students to strive and achieve academic excellence and also pursue careers in the mathematics and sciences.