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Direct linkWolfe, Christopher R.; Fisher, Christopher R. – Learning and Individual Differences, 2013
Little is known about individual differences in integrating numeric base-rates and qualitative text in making probability judgments. Fuzzy-Trace Theory predicts a preference for fuzzy processing. We conducted six studies to develop the FPPI, a reliable and valid instrument assessing individual differences in this fuzzy processing preference. It…
Descriptors: Individual Differences, Cognitive Processes, Probability, Decision Making
Freund, Philipp Alexander; Holling, Heinz – Learning and Individual Differences, 2011
If tests of cognitive ability are repeatedly taken, test scores rise. Such retest effects have been observed for a long time and for a variety of tasks. This study investigates retest effects on figural matrix items in an educational context. A short term effect is assumed for the direct retest administration in the same test session, and a long…
Descriptors: Reliability, Cognitive Ability, Item Response Theory, Investigations
Christopher, Andrew N.; Furnham, Adrian; Batey, Mark; Martin, G. Neil; Koenig, Cynthia S.; Doty, Kristin – Learning and Individual Differences, 2010
To learn if Protestant ethic endorsement predicted intelligence controlling for the big five personality factors, 364 college students from England and the United States completed a 65-item multifaceted work ethic endorsement measure, the 50-item Wonderlic Personnel Test, and a 60-item measure of the big five personality factors. A hierarchical…
Descriptors: Protestants, Occupational Tests, Personality, Foreign Countries
MacCann, Carolyn; Duckworth, Angela Lee; Roberts, Richard D. – Learning and Individual Differences, 2009
Conscientiousness is often found to predict academic outcomes, but is defined differently by different models of personality. High school students (N = 291) completed a large number of Conscientiousness items from different models and the Big Five Inventory (BFI). Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis of the items uncovered eight facets:…
Descriptors: Intervention, Validity, Cognitive Tests, Personality
Meneghetti, Chiara; Gyselinck, Valerie; Pazzaglia, Francesca; De Beni, Rossana – Learning and Individual Differences, 2009
The present study investigates the relation between spatial ability and visuo-spatial and verbal working memory in spatial text processing. In two experiments, participants listened to a spatial text (Experiments 1 and 2) and a non-spatial text (Experiment 1), at the same time performing a spatial or a verbal concurrent task, or no secondary task.…
Descriptors: Reading Comprehension, Group Testing, Visualization, Short Term Memory
Cooke-Simpson, Amanda; Voyer, Daniel – Learning and Individual Differences, 2007
The present study examined the relation between self-reported confidence ratings, performance on the Mental Rotations Test (MRT), and guessing behavior on the MRT. Eighty undergraduate students (40 males, 40 females) completed the MRT while rating their confidence in the accuracy of their answers for each item. As expected, gender differences in…
Descriptors: Undergraduate Students, Gender Differences, Males, Tests
