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Wolfe, Christopher R.; Fisher, Christopher R. – Learning and Individual Differences, 2013
Little is known about individual differences in integrating numeric base-rates and qualitative text in making probability judgments. Fuzzy-Trace Theory predicts a preference for fuzzy processing. We conducted six studies to develop the FPPI, a reliable and valid instrument assessing individual differences in this fuzzy processing preference. It…
Descriptors: Individual Differences, Cognitive Processes, Probability, Decision Making
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Randell, Jordan; Searle, Rob; Reed, Phil – Learning and Individual Differences, 2012
Schedules of reinforcement typically produce reliable patterns of behaviour, and one factor that can cause deviations from these normally reliable patterns is schizotypy. Low scorers on the unusual experiences subscale of the Oxford-Liverpool Inventory of Feelings and Experiences performed as expected on a yoked random-ratio (RR), random-interval…
Descriptors: Reinforcement, Cognitive Processes, Behavior Patterns, Scores
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Lindquist, Sophie I.; McLean, John P. – Learning and Individual Differences, 2011
The experience of daydreaming is familiar to all, yet daydreaming and its correlates in an educational context have yet to be adequately explored. This study investigated academic and other potential correlates of task-unrelated images and thoughts (TUITs) during lectures. 463 undergraduate psychology students participated across three lecture…
Descriptors: Psychology, Educational Environment, Lecture Method, Imagination
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Pretz, Jean E.; Totz, Kathryn Sentman; Kaufman, Scott Barry – Learning and Individual Differences, 2010
In an experiment with 109 undergraduates, we examined the effect of mood, cognitive style, and cognitive ability on implicit learning in the Artificial Grammar (AG) and Serial Reaction Time (SRT) tasks. Negative mood facilitated AG learning, but had no significant effect on SRT learning. Rational cognitive style predicted greater learning on both…
Descriptors: Cognitive Style, Reaction Time, Psychological Patterns, Cognitive Ability
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Meneghetti, Chiara; Gyselinck, Valerie; Pazzaglia, Francesca; De Beni, Rossana – Learning and Individual Differences, 2009
The present study investigates the relation between spatial ability and visuo-spatial and verbal working memory in spatial text processing. In two experiments, participants listened to a spatial text (Experiments 1 and 2) and a non-spatial text (Experiment 1), at the same time performing a spatial or a verbal concurrent task, or no secondary task.…
Descriptors: Reading Comprehension, Group Testing, Visualization, Short Term Memory
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Gathercole, Susan E.; Alloway, Tracy P.; Kirkwood, Hannah J.; Elliott, Julian G.; Holmes, Joni; Hilton, Kerry A. – Learning and Individual Differences, 2008
The purpose of this study was to explore the profiles of classroom behaviour relating to attention and executive functions in children with very poor working memory, and to test the hypothesis that inattentive behaviour and working memory problems co-occur. Teachers rated problem behaviours of 52 children with low working memory scores aged 5/6…
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Memory, Profiles, Student Behavior