The use of bilingual graphic organizers (bilingual knowledge maps [BiK maps]) as a presentation format was investigated for the acquisition of foreign language vocabulary. Participants were assigned to 1 of 4 conditions for the task of studying 32 German-English word pairs. Participants in each condition were trained on either lists or BiK maps…

A learning strategies program emphasizing primary (text-oriented) and support (affective) strategies was evaluated. Strategy training significantly improved performance on both text-processing and self-report measures. The primary-support group scored higher on the text-processing measures; the support-primary group reported more positive…

A two-step control procedure is demonstrated in which the experimenter first identifies the most appropriate control group for the investigation and then employs multiple covariates to adjust the dependent measure(s) for these sources of error. This procedure is demonstrated in a learning strategy experiment. (GK)

Effects of knowledge maps, outlines, or lists of key terms on recall by 74 undergraduates (29 males and 45 females) of 2 biology lectures were compared. The hypothesized advantage of maps over outlines or lists was not found generally, but it was found for students low in prior knowledge. (SLD)

Effects of cooperative and individual review of lecture material on subsequent free recall performance were studied with 109 undergraduate students in 4 experimental conditions. Although the cooperative review group did not significantly outperform the individual review group, the direction of mean score differences suggests that cooperative…

The generation and recall by students of personally relevant information with techniques that varied in the use of spatial and verbal aspects of node-link maps were studied with 108 college students. Students who used node-link maps became more proficient over time than those who used listing. (SLD)

Studied whether adding gestalt principles of similarity (using colors and shapes) and proximity would enhance recall of knowledge maps with 45 undergraduate students. Results suggest that the use of color, shape, and proximity facilitated learning by improving the organization of learning. (SLD)

Determined the separate and combined effects of knowledge maps or texts and teaching props (overview maps or outlines) on the learning of two different sets of material in the context of cooperative teaching. Results from 102 undergraduates show that the effects of format of study materials or communication props depend on the prior knowledge of…

The role common region (CR) plays in acquiring scientific information from node-link displays was studied by testing 88 subjects under conditions of knowledge maps demonstrating or not demonstrating CR. Field-dependent subjects scored better than the field-independent subjects for maps demonstrating CR, whereas the opposite was true for maps not…

Studied attentional effects of animation on the processing of information from node-link maps and text by randomly assigning 40 college students to static node-link map presentation, 40 to animated node-link presentation, 29 to static text presentation, and 27 to animated text presentation. Participants recalled more main-idea information from…