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Showing 1 to 15 of 195 results Save | Export
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Arnett, Anne B.; Pennington, Bruce F.; Peterson, Robin L.; Willcutt, Erik G.; DeFries, John C.; Olson, Richard K. – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2017
Background: Males are diagnosed with dyslexia more frequently than females, even in epidemiological samples. This may be explained by greater variance in males' reading performance. Methods: We expand on previous research by rigorously testing the variance difference theory, and testing for mediation of the sex difference by cognitive correlates.…
Descriptors: Dyslexia, Gender Differences, Reading Difficulties, Cognitive Processes
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Merker, Sören; Reif, Andreas; Ziegler, Georg C.; Weber, Heike; Mayer, Ute; Ehlis, Ann-Christine; Conzelmann, Annette; Johansson, Stefan; Müller-Reible, Clemens; Nanda, Indrajit; Haaf, Thomas; Ullmann, Reinhard; Romanos, Marcel; Fallgatter, Andreas J.; Pauli, Paul; Strekalova, Tatyana; Jansch, Charline; Vasquez, Alejandro Arias; Haavik, Jan; Ribasés, Marta; Ramos-Quiroga, Josep Antoni; Buitelaar, Jan K.; Franke, Barbara; Lesch, Klaus-Peter – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2017
Background: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common, highly heritable neurodevelopmental disorder with profound cognitive, behavioral, and psychosocial impairments with persistence across the life cycle. Our initial genome-wide screening approach for copy number variants (CNVs) in ADHD implicated a duplication of…
Descriptors: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Neurological Impairments, Genetic Disorders, Physiology
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van Hulst, Branko M.; de Zeeuw, Patrick; Bos, Dienke J.; Rijks, Yvonne; Neggers, Sebastiaan F. W.; Durston, Sarah – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2017
Background: Changes in reward processing are thought to be involved in the etiology of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), as well as other developmental disorders. In addition, different forms of therapy for ADHD rely on reinforcement principles. As such, improved understanding of reward processing in ADHD could eventually lead to…
Descriptors: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Task Analysis, Reinforcement, Therapy
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Johnson, Mats; Fransson, Gunnar; Östlund, Sven; Areskoug, Björn; Gillberg, Christopher – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2017
Background: Previous research has shown positive effects of Omega 3/6 fatty acids in children with inattention and reading difficulties. We aimed to investigate if Omega 3/6 improved reading ability in mainstream schoolchildren. Methods: We performed a 3-month parallel, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial followed by 3-month active…
Descriptors: Nutrition, Reading Skills, Intervention, Elementary School Students
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Karachaliou, Marianna; Chatzi, Leda; Roumeliotaki, Theano; Kampouri, Mariza; Kyriklaki, Andriani; Koutra, Katerina; Chalkiadaki, Georgia; Michel, Angelika; Stiakaki, Eftichia; Kogevinas, Manolis; Pawlita, Michael; Waterboer, Tim; de Sanjose, Silvia – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2016
Background: Viral infections of the central nervous system may have detrimental effects for the developing brain, but the effects of less virulent common infections are unclear. We aim to investigate the impact of common viral infections of early childhood on neuropsychological performance of children at age four. Methods: We used cross-sectional…
Descriptors: Diseases, Neuropsychology, Cognitive Ability, Biochemistry
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Rajendran, Khushmand; Kruszewski, Edyta; Halperin, Jeffrey M. – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2016
Background: More optimal parenting has been linked with lower rates of bullying. However, it is not clear whether parenting can alter the trajectories of bullying among children diagnosed with ADHD or ODD as well as those who are not so diagnosed. This study examined whether parenting at age 4-5 years was associated with changes in bullying over…
Descriptors: Parenting Styles, Parent Influence, Bullying, Longitudinal Studies
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Breeman, Linda D.; Jaekel, Julia; Baumann, Nicole; Bartmann, Peter; Wolke, Dieter – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2016
Background: Very preterm (VP; gestational age <32 weeks) and very low birth weight (VLBW; <1500 grams) is related to attention problems in childhood and adulthood. The stability of these problems into adulthood is not known. Methods: The Bavarian Longitudinal Study is a prospective cohort study that followed 260 VP/VLBW and 229 term-born…
Descriptors: Premature Infants, Body Weight, Attention Deficit Disorders, Adults
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Leopold, Daniel R.; Christopher, Micaela E.; Burns, G. Leonard; Becker, Stephen P.; Olson, Richard K.; Willcutt, Erik G. – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2016
Background: Although multiple cross-sectional studies have shown symptoms of sluggish cognitive tempo (SCT) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) to be statistically distinct, studies have yet to examine the temporal stability and measurement invariance of SCT in a longitudinal sample. To date, only six studies have assessed SCT…
Descriptors: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Longitudinal Studies, Cognitive Processes, Children
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Belle, Janna; van Hulst, Branko M.; Durston, Sarah – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2015
Background: Intra-individual variability reflects temporal variation within an individual's performance on a cognitive task. Children with developmental disorders, such as ADHD and ASD show increased levels of intra-individual variability. In typical development, intra-individual variability decreases sharply between the ages 6 and 20. The tight…
Descriptors: Individual Differences, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders
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Sellers, Ruth; Maughan, Barbara; Pickles, Andrew; Thapar, Anita; Collishaw, Stephan – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2015
Background: Evidence from Western countries indicates marked increases in diagnosis and treatment of childhood psychiatric disorders in recent years. These could reflect changes in prevalence of mental health problems, changes in their impact or increased clinical recognition and help-seeking. Epidemiological cross-cohort comparisons are required…
Descriptors: Parent Attitudes, Teacher Attitudes, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Symptoms (Individual Disorders)
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Plourde, Vickie; Boivin, Michel; Forget-Dubois, Nadine; Brendgen, Mara; Vitaro, Frank; Marino, Cecilia; Tremblay, Richard T.; Dionne, Ginette – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2015
Background: The phenotypic and genetic associations between decoding skills and ADHD dimensions have been documented but less is known about the association with reading comprehension. The aim of the study is to document the phenotypic and genetic associations between reading comprehension and ADHD dimensions of inattention and…
Descriptors: Genetics, Correlation, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Kindergarten
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Oerlemans, Anoek M.; Hartman, Catharina A.; Bruijn, Yvette G. E.; Franke, Barbara; Buitelaar, Jan K.; Rommelse, Nanda N. J. – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2015
Background: We may improve our understanding of the role of common versus unique risk factors in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) by examining ADHD-related cognitive deficits in single- (SPX), and multi-incidence (MPX) families. Given that individuals from multiplex (MPX) families are likely to share genetic vulnerability for the…
Descriptors: Incidence, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Role, Neurological Impairments
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de Vries, Marieke; Prins, Pier J. M.; Schmand, Ben A.; Geurts, Hilde M. – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2015
Background: People with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) experience executive function (EF) deficits. There is an urgent need for effective interventions, but in spite of the increasing research focus on computerized cognitive training, this has not been studied in ASD. Hence, we investigated two EF training conditions in children with ASD.…
Descriptors: Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Executive Function, Intervention
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Johnson, Mark H.; Gliga, Teodora; Jones, Emily; Charman, Tony – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2015
Background: Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are two of the most common neurodevelopmental disorders, with a high degree of co-occurrence. Methods: Prospective longitudinal studies of infants who later meet criteria for ASD or ADHD offer the opportunity to determine whether the two disorders share…
Descriptors: Autism, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Symptoms (Individual Disorders)
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Polanczyk, Guilherme V.; Salum, Giovanni A.; Sugaya, Luisa S.; Caye, Arthur; Rohde, Luis A. – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2015
Background: The literature on the prevalence of mental disorders affecting children and adolescents has expanded significantly over the last three decades around the world. Despite the field having matured significantly, there has been no meta-analysis to calculate a worldwide-pooled prevalence and to empirically assess the sources of…
Descriptors: Meta Analysis, Mental Disorders, Children, Adolescents
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