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Direct linkFerguson, Heather J.; Wimmer, Lena; Black, Jo; Barzy, Mahsa; Williams, David – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2022
We report an event-related brain potential (ERP) experiment that tests whether autistic adults are able to maintain and switch between counterfactual and factual worlds. Participants (N = 48) read scenarios that set up a factual or counterfactual scenario, then either maintained the counterfactual world or switched back to the factual world. When…
Descriptors: Autism, Brain, Adults, Cognitive Processes
Hwang, Ye In; Foley, Kitty-Rose; Trollor, Julian N. – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2020
There is a gap in our knowledge of aging with autism. The present study examined the applicability of the popular gerontology concept of "aging well" to autistic adults. Using survey data, a model of "aging well" was operationalised and applied to 92 autistic adults and 60 controls. A very small proportion (3.3%) of autistic…
Descriptors: Aging (Individuals), Autism, Gerontology, Adults
Wheeler, Anne C.; Wylie, Amanda; Raspa, Melissa; Villagomez, Adrienne; Miller, Kylee; Edwards, Anne; DeRamus, Margaret; Appelbaum, Paul S.; Bailey, Donald B., Jr. – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2020
Although informed consent is critical for all research, there is increased ethical responsibility as individuals with intellectual or developmental disabilities (IDD) become the focus of more clinical trials. This study examined decisional capacity for informed consent to clinical trials in individuals with fragile X syndrome (FXS). Participants…
Descriptors: Informed Consent, Genetic Disorders, Intellectual Disability, Decision Making
Boland, Kelly M.; Stichter, Janine P.; Beversdorf, David Q.; Christ, Shawn E. – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2019
Recent research has documented impaired ability to resist interference from visual distractors in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and suggests that this phenomenon may be more pronounced in young versus older children (Christ et al., "Neuropsychology" 25(6):690-701, 2011). The present study extends previous findings by…
Descriptors: Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Adults, Adolescents
Tillmann, J.; Ashwood, K.; Absoud, M.; Bölte, S.; Bonnet-Brilhault, F.; Buitelaar, J. K.; Calderoni, S.; Calvo, R.; Canal-Bedia, R.; Canitano, R.; De Bildt, A.; Gomot, M.; Hoekstra, P. J.; Kaale, A.; McConachie, H.; Murphy, D. G.; Narzisi, A.; Oosterling, I.; Pejovic-Milovancevic, M.; Persico, A. M.; Puig, O.; Roeyers, H.; Rommelse, N.; Sacco, R.; Scandurra, V.; Stanfield, A. C.; Zander, E.; Charman, T. – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2018
Research on sex-related differences in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) has been impeded by small samples. We pooled 28 datasets from 18 sites across nine European countries to examine sex differences in the ASD phenotype on the ADI-R (376 females, 1763 males) and ADOS (233 females, 1187 males). On the ADI-R, early childhood restricted and…
Descriptors: Gender Differences, Age Differences, Diagnostic Tests, Observation
Sasson, Noah J.; Morrison, Kerrianne E.; Pinkham, Amy E.; Faso, Daniel J.; Chmielewski, Michael – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2018
Social cognitive impairments in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are well-documented, yet little research has examined whether ASD is also characterized by difficulties in meta-perception, or the ability to gauge how one is perceived. In this study, ASD and TD adults (N = 22) largely did not differ on the self-perception of their personality traits…
Descriptors: Adults, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Autism, Personality Traits
Brosnan, Mark; Ashwin, Chris; Lewton, Marcus – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2017
Dual Process Theory has recently been applied to Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) to suggest that reasoning by people with ASD and people with higher levels of ASD-like traits can be characterised by reduced intuitive and greater reflective processing. 26 adolescents and adults with ASD and 22 adolescent and adult controls completed an assessment of…
Descriptors: Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Intuition, Reflection
Nyström, Pär; Bölte, Sven; Falck-Ytter, Terje; Achermann, Sheila; Andersson Konke, Linn; Brocki, Karin; Cauvet, Elodie; Gredebäck, Gustaf; Lundin Kleberg, Johan; Nilsson Jobs, Elisabeth; Thorup, Emilia; Zander, Eric – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2017
Atypical gaze processing has been reported in children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Here we explored how infants at risk for ASD respond behaviorally to others' direct gaze. We assessed 10-month-olds with a sibling with ASD (high risk group; n = 61) and a control group (n = 18) during interaction with an adult. Eye-tracking revealed less…
Descriptors: Eye Movements, Infants, Siblings, Autism
Otsuka, Sadao; Uono, Shota; Yoshimura, Sayaka; Zhao, Shuo; Toichi, Motomi – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2017
The aim of this study was to identify specific cognitive abilities that predict functional outcome in high-functioning adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and to clarify the contribution of those abilities and their relationships. In total, 41 adults with ASD performed cognitive tasks in a broad range of neuro- and social cognitive…
Descriptors: Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Adults, Cognitive Ability
Gökçen, Elif; Frederickson, Norah; Petrides, K. V. – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2016
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterised by profound difficulties in empathic processing and executive control. Whilst the links between these processes have been frequently investigated in populations with autism, few studies have examined them at the subclinical level. In addition, the contribution of alexithymia, a trait characterised by…
Descriptors: Theory of Mind, Executive Function, Autism, Severe Disabilities
Carmo, Joana C.; Duarte, Elsa; Pinho, Sandra; Filipe, Carlos N.; Marques, J. Frederico – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2016
In this study, we aimed to evaluate further the functioning and structuring of the semantic system in autism spectrum disorders (ASD). We analyzed the performance of 19 high-functioning young adults with ASD and a group of 20 age-, verbal IQ- and education-matched individuals with the Proactive Interference (PI) Paradigm to evaluate semantic…
Descriptors: Semantics, Verbal Ability, Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders
Thiébaut, Flora I.; White, Sarah J.; Walsh, Annabel; Klargaard, Solja K.; Wu, Hsuan-Chen; Rees, Geraint; Burgess, Paul W. – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2016
43 typically-developed adults and 35 adults with ASD performed a cartoon faux pas test. Adults with ASD apparently over-detected faux pas despite good comprehension abilities, and were generally slower at responding. Signal detection analysis demonstrated that the ASD participants had significantly greater difficulty detecting whether a cartoon…
Descriptors: Autism, Adults, Decision Making Skills, Social Cognition
Happé, Francesca G.; Mansour, Hassan; Barrett, Pippa; Brown, Tony; Abbott, Patricia; Charlton, Rebecca A. – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2016
Little is known about ageing with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). We examined the characteristics of adults referred to a specialist diagnostic centre for assessment of possible ASD, 100 of whom received an ASD diagnosis and 46 did not. Few demographic differences were noted between the groups. Comorbid psychiatric disorders were high in…
Descriptors: Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Adults, Clinical Diagnosis
Costescu, Cristina A.; Vanderborght, Bram; David, Daniel O. – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2015
Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) engage in highly perseverative and inflexible behaviours. Technological tools, such as robots, received increased attention as social reinforces and/or assisting tools for improving the performance of children with ASD. The aim of our study is to investigate the role of the robotic toy Keepon in a…
Descriptors: Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Autism, Children, Robotics
Matthews, Nicole L.; Smith, Christopher J.; Pollard, Elena; Ober-Reynolds, Sharman; Kirwan, Janet; Malligo, Amanda – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2015
There is a dearth of research regarding adaptive functioning during the transition to adulthood in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Profiles on the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales, Second Edition were examined by age and intellectual ability in 75 participants with ASD (16-58 years). Results extend previous reports of a cognitive advantage over…
Descriptors: Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Adjustment (to Environment), Profiles
