We investigated how high school mathematics course placement contributes to inequalities in college preparation for students categorized as "English Learners" (ELs), especially "long-term" English Learners (LTELs). We devised a base-2 enumeration approach that allowed us to process complex transcript data from one school…

Shortcomings in schools' efforts to serve English learners (ELs) are often both a function of the continuing scarcity of teacher education and the ability of schools to implement high-quality professional development (PD) to successfully prepare effective teachers for this marginalized student population. Scant literature addresses the processes…

Multilingual learners, some of whom are also new immigrants to the United States, are a growing demographic in our K-12 public schools. Unfortunately, multilingual learners find limited academic opportunities in our public schools. This research explores the opportunity gap for our culturally and linguistically diverse students, the positionality…

Recent research suggests that English learner (EL) classification can impact students in both positive and negative ways. We do not know enough, however, about what contexts and features of EL education lead to these divergent effects. Because students are classified as ELs at all grade levels, and the structure and content of schooling change…