Pedagogical strategies intended for monolingual classes may not adequately address the educational needs and aspirations of culturally and linguistically diverse learners, as multilingual and bilingual learners differ from monolinguals. This article sought to understand multilingual teachers' pedagogical approaches to helping non-speakers of the…

In U.S. K-12 public schools, educational policy and practice for English learner (EL) students center around two sets of academic standards: English language proficiency (ELP) standards and content standards such as in English language arts and mathematics. This study examined the types of language demands manifested in those standards in Grade 5.…

This article focuses on translanguaging, which has been posited as a language practice, pedagogical tool, and lens that values individuals' linguistic resources and deems them valuable. Scholars have postulated that translanguaging is rooted in social justice, as it aims to address social inequities among emergent bilinguals. Yet, do educators…

Translanguaging pedagogies have been documented to support language minoritized students in various ways, such as supporting their academic learning, affirming their bi-/multilingual and cultural identities, and disrupting the colonial and monolingual ideologies dominating school curricula. Yet, very few scholars have pointed to the existing…

Scholars, activists, and communities strive for educational equity and justice for emergent bilinguals. The pursuit of advocacy, however, is often fraught with emotional tension, leading many teachers to question their identities as advocates. Relatively few studies have focused on language teachers of color, and on how they navigate their…

New York State adopted regulations that mandate collaboration among ESOL and content teachers in integrated periods where ELLs are mainstreamed into general education classes. We documented trends in elementary and ESOL teachers' co-teaching practices across 3 years of state policy implementation. Findings revealed that even with limited…

The main objective of this research was to explore communication competence traits deemed as essential for initial teacher training of schoolteachers of language -- in both the Spanish and "Mapuzugun" -- by primary school teachers and university teachers who are familiar with linguistic diversity in the southern-central area of Chile in…

The Italian language in the ethnically mixed coastal area of Slovenia is an official language, regulated by the principle of ethnic autochthony, which recognizes the rights of linguistic minorities regardless of their number of speakers. Slovenia has been always very sensitive toward its two national minorities (Italian and Hungarian) and set up…

In multilingual societies where migration is commonplace, language attitudes and ideologies are often shaped by broader sociopolitical issues and sociocultural practices that give values to different languages and language uses. Migrant families are often caught in the middle regarding how to use their own language and culture to support their…

Vitoria-Gasteiz, the capital city of the bilingual Basque Autonomous Community of Spain, is a largely Spanish-speaking city: over 90% of the city's population claims Spanish as their native language and less than one-fifth of the city's adult population is bilingual in Basque and Spanish (compare with more than one-third of the population of San…

This qualitative study examined how specific instructional supports intended to scaffold emergent bilinguals' oral production of explanations facilitated or constrained students' attempts to explain. Findings demonstrate that explanations were very rarely produced, and when they were produced, the explanations were not particularly informative.…

The purpose of this article is to examine how a first-grade ESL teacher understands teaching and learning as she explores her agency (and that of her students) in implementing and experimenting with project-based instruction (PBI) in her economically, culturally, and linguistically diverse classroom. Utilizing video-cued ethnography and drawing on…

Bilingual teachers' professional identity inquiry may open up possibilities for agency and equality in U.S. dual language contexts. Deploying Borderland, Agency, and Position theories, this article narrates the life histories of three "nepantlera" Chicanx/Latinx dual language bilingual teachers--Jessica, Roberto, and Marta--who work in…

As elementary teachers in U.S. public schools strive to adapt their instruction to support growing numbers of students learning English as an additional language, they must also navigate institutional constraints and affordances beyond their classroom-level interactions. Even as teachers plan and implement instruction within their own classrooms,…

This article explores the placement practices of students into different educational programs in PreK-first grade, including two bilingual education programs and an ESL "mainstream" classroom. We then examine the discourse practices of four third-grade teachers and the school principal. Our findings suggest that initial program placement…