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Gorard, Stephen; Gorard, Jonathan – International Journal of Social Research Methodology, 2016
This brief paper introduces a new approach to assessing the trustworthiness of research comparisons when expressed numerically. The 'number needed to disturb' a research finding would be the number of counterfactual values that can be added to the smallest arm of any comparison before the difference or 'effect' size disappears, minus the number of…
Descriptors: Statistical Significance, Testing, Sampling, Attrition (Research Studies)