The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Machiavelli leadership on destructive organizational behaviors through mediation job stress. This study is an applied and correlation research method based on structural equation modeling. 191 elementary school teachers of Sarbaz city were studied by stratified random sampling method. To collect information, three questionnaires were used: Machiavelli leadership, job stress and destructive organizational behaviors. For data analysis the Pearson correlation coefficient and structural equation modeling were used by SPSS and Lisrel software. Based on the results the direct effect of Machiavelli leadership on destructive organizational behaviors, the direct effect of Machiavelli leadership on job stress and the direct effect of job stress on destructive organizational behaviors was positive and significant. The indirect effect of Machiavelli leadership on destructive organizational behaviors was also positive and significant with the mediator role of job stress. Thus, can conclude that managers with high Machiavelli increase staff job stress and job stress, in turn, increases destructive organizational behaviors.