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Peer reviewedRachal, John R. – International Journal of Lifelong Education, 1987
The author analyzes research methodologies used in determining historical literacy rates. Three basic systems used are (1) book ownership, (2) school growth and attendance, and (3) document signatures. He finds the last of these methods to be more reliable than the others, though it says little about literacy quality. (CH)
Descriptors: Attendance Patterns, Books, Elementary Education, European History
