There exist many studies on modeling competencies and their promotion; however, there is a need to investigate what modeling competencies are and how they vary in lower and higher-achieving groups of students in mathematics within the current modeling literature domain. This study examined how mathematical modeling competencies were displayed in…

Education research has established that teachers' beliefs matter because they can affect classroom practices and student outcomes, and beliefs are viewed as an important construct within statistics education. However, relatively little research about the beliefs of in-service statistics teachers has been conducted. Additionally, little research…

Although students' nonstandard strategies have great importance in understanding students' thinking and creating effective mathematics classrooms, much remains unexplored in the literature. This study investigated 22 middle school teachers' reasoning about a student's nonstandard strategy for the division of fractions. The data were collected…

This study investigates representational code-switching (RCS) by considering three high school students' communications in the process of comparing and contrasting pairs of representations (e.g., equation and graph) in the context of rational functions. Supporting this study is research in the realms of students interacting with mathematical…

The purpose of this study was to investigate eighth grade students' skills in different problem-posing situations. Problem-posing situations include free, semi-structured and structured problem-posing situations. The study was conducted using case study methodology, which is within the scope of descriptive research. The study was conducted with…

In this paper, we demonstrate how atypical visual representations of a triangle, square or a parallelogram may hinder students' understanding of a median and altitude. We analyze responses and reasoning given by 16 preservice middle school teachers in a Geometry Connection class. Particularly, the data were garnered from three specific questions…

In recent years, researchers have become more interested in quadratic equations. This study explores the conceptions high school students have concerning quadratic equations with one unknown, while using concept definition and images as theoretical framework. The data was gathered through semi-structured interviews with 14 eleventh grade high…

Previous research on preservice teachers' understanding of fractions and algebra has focused on one or the other. To extend this research, we examined 85 undergraduate elementary education majors and middle school mathematics education majors' solutions and solution paths (i.e., the ways or methods in which preservice teachers solve word problems)…

This article analyses the experiences of 55 secondary pre-service teachers (PSTs) in a mandated professional development course that used Halliday's systemic functional linguistics (SFL) and related pedagogical practices to support PSTs' development of disciplinary linguistic knowledge for working with linguistically diverse students in the United…

Linear algebra is one of the most challenging topics to learn and teach in many countries. To facilitate the teaching and learning of linear algebra, priority should be given to epistemologically analyze the concepts that the undergraduate students have difficulty in conceptualizing and to define their ways of reasoning in linear algebra. After…

In this study, we investigated to what extent arithmetic ability and self-regulated learning skills in the beginning of lower secondary school predicts measures of students' performance in mathematics at the end of lower secondary school. Arithmetic ability and self-regulated learning skills were tested the first two weeks in lower secondary…

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of instruction in alternative solutions on Taiwanese eighth-grade students' mathematical problem solving performance. This study was exploratory rather than experimental. Alternative-Solution Worksheet (ASW) was developed to encourage students' engagement with alternative solutions to…

As part of a study on mathematical problem solving of secondary 2 (13- to 14-years old) students in Singapore, 56 Secondary two students from ten secondary schools participated in this study. The purpose of this paper is to explore difficulties faced by 56 Secondary 2 students when solving problems. These interviews were analysed using the…

Algebra uses symbols for generalizing arithmetic. These symbols have different meanings and interpretations in different situations. Students have different perceptions about these symbols, letters and signs. Despite the vast research by on the students' difficulties in understanding letters in Algebra, the overall image that emerges from the…