Seeks to explain why the kindergarten movement, in theory and in practice, found greater support in the United States than in Germany, the country of its origin. Concludes that this kindergarten case study shows the importance of comparative studies to our understanding of the relationship of women's status and feminist ideology to other aspects…

This article contrasts the personal philosophies of Horace Mann and feminist Olympia Brown as manifested in the educational policies and daily school life at Ohio's Antioch College during the early years of the "great experiment" with "equal" coeducation. (JDH)

This article documents the literary and adminstrative works of Annie Nathan Meyer, an early advocate of quality higher education for women. Documenting events surrounding the founding of Barnard College, the author maintains that Ms. Meyer may be viewed as the founder, though official histories mention her only as a "key person." (JDH)

Vast changes took place in urban benevolence toward poor females in the first half of the nineteenth century. Agencies started by upper-class women as private organizations to support needy women became agencies run by salaried, professional, male charity workers whose job it was to train and discipline poor females. (RM)

Assesses the impact that Edward Hammond Clarke's position on women's right to participate in higher education had on the moderate wing of the women's movement. Reflects on the debate provoked by his views that women and men should be educated differently. (KO)