Educational theory and practice among the most privileged group in English society--the nobility and upper gentry--are examined. Fundamental differences distinguished the humanist program of study for girls from that for boys during the middle years of the sixteenth century. (RM)

The educational theory and practice of the Escuela Modern (Modern School) movement of the Spanish educator Francisco Ferrer, born in 1850, are discussed. Two fundamental tendencies of the movement are child-centered education and education in didactic terms. (RM)

Compares trends in English, Canadian, and French historiography, and alludes to trends concerning the United States, Europe generally, and Quebec within the framework of comparative historiography.

Using examples from education in Germany, this article provides a critical analysis of the "new history of education," its goals, claims, and methodologies, as they were developed in both the United States and Germany during the 1970s. (JDH)

The expansion of schooling in the Russian countryside after 1864 brought basic education within the reach of the majority of peasants in the European heartland by the time of World War I. It is argued that this expansion was initiated by the purposeful self-activity of the anonymous peasant millions. (RM)

In the mid-1920s, a virulent renewal of the age-old German dispute regarding what form German schools should take resulted in a political crisis. Worsened Catholic-liberal relations contributed to a split in the bourgeois middle, making political cooperation more difficult and hindering a moderate evolution of the Weimar state. (RM)

Elementary, secondary, and higher education enrollment data for Scotland between the 1860s and 1939 are examined, and the structure and development of the Scottish system in the light of some of the general theories of comparative social history of education are discussed. (RM)

Although some educational progress at grassroot level was made by the Dutch Reformed Church Mission (DRCM) in African Malawi, the DCRM system contributed mostly to underdevelopment. Most Malawians were introduced to semi-literacy under thousands of semi-qualified teachers, and very few Africans who passed through the system later distinguished…

Informed by recent Marxist education theory, the author gives a new account of the changes brought about by the 1875 Education Act in South Australia. Many of these changes, although couched in terms of morality and efficiency, represented a direct assault on the lifestyles and culture of the laboring people. (RM)

A social question faced by Latin American countries when they gained their independence from Spain was that of education. An extreme example of the difficulties encountered can be found in Paraguay where education was affected by the events of independence and by a new phenomenon, the Spanish American dictator. (RM)

Growing school systems in Montreal and Toronto (Canada) between 1861 and 1881 offered radically different opportunities to men and women. Educational administrators developed bureaucratic modes of organization chiefly with male aspirations for power and social mobility in mind. Women were hired to fill the bottom ranks or were ignored altogether.…

One of the organizations central to the temperance movement was the Women's Christian Temperance Union (WCTU). The educational work of one Canadian WCTU organization is examined to ascertain the effectiveness of using both the public school system and informal education arrangements to accomplish group goals. (RM)

The historical development of social ecology and ways in which an ecological approach can illuminate the study of urban education are discussed. An interdisciplinary, microecological framework is applied to the study of links between schooling and community in a nineteenth-century dockland slum. (SR)

Reviews the educational reform movement in France during the late nineteenth century which produced one of the most tightly organized, centrally controlled, and pedagogically effective models of elementary education in the world, with emphasis on the role of the Catholic clergy and attempts of the republican regime to uproot clerical influence in…

Characterizes public education in New Zealand during the period 1919-1922 as being influenced by increased instruction in patriotism and systematic monitoring of teacher and pupil loyalty. The reason for the politicization of education was fear of left-wing radicalism in the wake of the Russian revolution. (DB)