Examines science in the 19th century British curriculum against counter arguments from the humanities and moral education proponents. Concludes that current curriculum development in science is a continuing response to the challenges of the past commentary against it. (KDR)

Discusses the development of the British educational system and perceptions of teacher's classroom roles. Focuses on pedagogical teaching methods of 17th century English character literature in character education development. Concludes that this era of teachers demonstrated an interest in the complexities of the learning process. (KDR)