The Australian Geography Competition (AGC) was established in 1995 by the Royal Geographical Society of Queensland (RGSQ) and the Australian Geography Teachers' Association to promote the study of geography in Australian secondary schools and to reward student excellence in geographical studies. Initially focusing on students at the lower secondary level, the Competition expanded in 2005 to include students up to Year 12. In 2013, the number of students participating nationwide in the AGC was 74,498. This paper firstly gives an overview of national participation by Australian students in the Competition over the 2004-2013 period. Secondly, more detailed analysis of the 2012 and 2013 competitions is presented in terms of overall results in the three age groups, the types and levels of difficulty of questions, and gender differences in achievement. Some concluding observations are made relating to the scope and significance of the AGC in the context of the introduction of the national geography curriculum from 2014.