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Powell, Justin J. W.; Graf, Lukas; Bernhard, Nadine; Coutrot, Laurence; Kieffer, Annick – European Journal of Education, 2012
In Europe, the Bologna and Copenhagen Processes in higher education (HE) and vocational education and training (VET) are on the agenda, aiming to create a European educational area. Acknowledging important differences between countries, we compare the evolving relationship between HE and VET. We ask whether and how these two distinct…
Descriptors: Higher Education, Organizational Change, Foreign Countries, Vocational Education
Peer reviewed
Uthmann, Karl-Josef – European Journal of Education, 1991
This article reviews the structural differences in vocational training between East and West Germany; describes a large-scale program establishing suprafirm training centers; notes the shift away from centralism; and considers personnel needs, legal aspects, industry responsibility, attitudinal differences, and European perspectives. (DB)
Descriptors: Area Studies, Attitudes, Centralization, Educational Change