Descriptor
Source
Elementary School Journal | 2 |
Publication Type
Guides - Non-Classroom | 2 |
Journal Articles | 2 |
Reports - Research | 2 |
Education Level
Audience
Administrators | 1 |
Practitioners | 1 |
Researchers | 1 |
Teachers | 1 |
Location
Laws, Policies, & Programs
Assessments and Surveys
Iowa Tests of Basic Skills | 1 |
What Works Clearinghouse Rating
Peer reviewed
Hallinger, Phillip; And Others – Elementary School Journal, 1996
Examined the nature and extent of the school principal's role in affecting student learning. Found no direct effects from the principal's instructional leadership, but did find an indirect influence on overall school effectiveness through actions that shape the school's learning environment. (ET)
Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Administrator Role, Context Effect, Educational Environment
Peer reviewed
Frisbie, David A.; Andrews, Kevin – Elementary School Journal, 1990
Examines the extent to which kindergarten pupil and teacher behaviors during administration of the Iowa Test of Basic Skills--Early Primary Battery may compromise the meaningfulness and usefulness of the test scores. Although extensive variability in behavior was observed, most teachers followed directions exactly and most pupils encountered no…
Descriptors: Achievement Tests, Elementary Education, Guidelines, Kindergarten Children