In the authors' 2017 book "Mastering Formative Assessment Moves" (ASCD), they outlined seven high-leverage formative assessment strategies that promote ambitious teaching and deeper learning. Since then, they've worked with pre- and in-service teachers who are implementing the new English Language Development Standards (2014) in California, and they have begun to see how these strategies can serve as the natural bridge to help English language learners reach greater proficiency in their understanding of academic language.