In the literature on motivational goals, there has been an increase on the interest of a concept of the 2 × 2 achievement goal framework. However, evidences supporting the reliability and validity of this framework are still needed. The study reported in this paper was to validate the Thai version of the 2 × 2 achievement goal orientation scale by conducting a confirmatory factor analysis. Items in this framework were intended to measure student's motivational orientations toward learning achievement. Participants were 518 undergraduate students in Thailand. Descriptive statistics and reliability estimates were reported. The results revealed the validity of the four-factor structure of achievement goal orientation scale. This study contribute the empirical evidences and cross-cultural validity of the 2 × 2 achievement goal framework (mastery-approach, mastery-avoidance, performance-approach, and performance-avoidance goal orientations).