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Warneken, Felix – Cognition, 2013
Human adults will sometimes help without being asked to help, including in situations in which the helpee is oblivious to the problem and thus provides no communicative or behavioral cues that intervention is necessary. Some theoretical models argue that these acts of "proactive helping" are an important and possibly human-specific form of…
Descriptors: Accidents, Intervention, Infants, Models
Paletz, Susannah B. F.; Schunn, Christian D.; Kim, Kevin H. – Cognition, 2013
Creative teamwork in multidisciplinary teams is a topic of interest to cognitive psychologists on the one hand, and to both social and organizational psychologists on the other. However, the interconnections between cognitive and social layers have been rarely explored. Drawing on mental models and dissonance theories, the current study takes a…
Descriptors: Conflict, Video Technology, Teamwork, Psychologists
Kidd, Celeste; Palmeri, Holly; Aslin, Richard N. – Cognition, 2013
Children are notoriously bad at delaying gratification to achieve later, greater rewards (e.g., Piaget, 1970)--and some are worse at waiting than others. Individual differences in the ability-to-wait have been attributed to self-control, in part because of evidence that long-delayers are more successful in later life (e.g., Shoda, Mischel, &…
Descriptors: Decision Making, Rewards, Delay of Gratification, Task Analysis
Seno, Takeharu; Kawabe, Takahiro; Ito, Hiroyuki; Sunaga, Shoji – Cognition, 2013
We examined whether illusory self-motion perception ("vection") induced by viewing upward and downward grating motion stimuli can alter the emotional valence of recollected autobiographical episodic memories. We found that participants recollected positive episodes more often while perceiving upward vection. However, when we tested a small moving…
Descriptors: Psychological Patterns, Motion, Visual Perception, Visual Stimuli
Kelty-Stephen, Damian G.; Mirman, Daniel – Cognition, 2013
Our previous work interpreted single-lognormal fits to inter-gaze distance (i.e., "gaze steps") histograms as evidence of multiplicativity and hence interactions across scales in visual cognition. Bogartz and Staub (2012) proposed that gaze steps are additively decomposable into fixations and saccades, matching the histograms better and…
Descriptors: Eye Movements, Statistical Distributions, Graphs, Data
Lallier, Marie; Thierry, Guillaume; Tainturier, Marie-Josephe – Cognition, 2013
The goal of this study was to gain a better understanding of the relationship between non-verbal auditory disorders and developmental dyslexia. This question has led to conflicting results in the literature, which we argued might be due to a failure to consider the heterogeneity of dyslexic profiles. This study included three groups of adult…
Descriptors: Profiles, Dyslexia, Auditory Perception, Correlation
Bion, Ricardo A. H.; Borovsky, Arielle; Fernald, Anne – Cognition, 2013
When hearing a novel name, children tend to select a novel object rather than a familiar one, a bias known as disambiguation. Using online processing measures with 18-, 24-, and 30-month-olds, we investigate how the development of this bias relates to word learning. Children's proportion of looking time to a novel object after hearing a novel name…
Descriptors: Language Acquisition, Novels, Vocabulary Development, Infants
Peterson, Robin L.; Pennington, Bruce F.; Olson, Richard K. – Cognition, 2013
We investigated the phonological and surface subtypes of developmental dyslexia in light of competing predictions made by two computational models of single word reading, the Dual-Route Cascaded Model (DRC; Coltheart, Rastle, Perry, Langdon, & Ziegler, 2001) and Harm and Seidenberg's connectionist model (HS model; Harm & Seidenberg, 1999). The…
Descriptors: Dyslexia, Phonology, Prediction, Models
Camilleri, Adrian R.; Newell, Ben R. – Cognition, 2013
Previous research has shown that many choice biases are attenuated when short-run decisions are reframed to the long run. However, this literature has been limited to description-based choice tasks in which possible outcomes and their probabilities are explicitly specified. A recent literature has emerged showing that many core results found using…
Descriptors: Probability, Sampling, Models, Outcomes of Education
Knobe, Joshua; Samuels, Richard – Cognition, 2013
The concept of innateness appears in systematic research within cognitive science, but it also appears in less systematic modes of thought that long predate the scientific study of the mind. The present studies therefore explore the relationship between the properly scientific uses of this concept and its role in ordinary folk understanding.…
Descriptors: Individual Characteristics, Scientific Research, Cognitive Psychology, Cognitive Science
DeGutis, Joseph; Wilmer, Jeremy; Mercado, Rogelio J.; Cohan, Sarah – Cognition, 2013
Although holistic processing is thought to underlie normal face recognition ability, widely discrepant reports have recently emerged about this link in an individual differences context. Progress in this domain may have been impeded by the widespread use of subtraction scores, which lack validity due to their contamination with control condition…
Descriptors: Validity, Subtraction, Visual Perception, Regression (Statistics)
Bernolet, Sarah; Hartsuiker, Robert J.; Pickering, Martin J. – Cognition, 2013
Studies on cross-linguistic syntactic priming suggest that bilinguals can share syntactic representations across languages (e.g., Hartsuiker, Pickering, & Veltkamp, 2004). But how are these representations established in late learners of a second language? Specifically, are representations of syntactic structures in a second language (L2)…
Descriptors: Indo European Languages, Priming, Bilingualism, Second Language Learning
Dessalegn, Banchiamlack; Landau, Barbara – Cognition, 2013
In this paper, we present a case study that explores the nature and development of the mechanisms by which language interacts with and influences our ability to represent and retain information from one of our most important non-linguistic systems--vision. In previous work (Dessalegn & Landau, 2008), we showed that 4 year-olds remembered…
Descriptors: Case Studies, Vision, Language, Sentences
Gentner, Dedre; Ozyurek, Asli; Gurcanli, Ozge; Goldin-Meadow, Susan – Cognition, 2013
Does spatial language influence how people think about space? To address this question, we observed children who did not know a conventional language, and tested their performance on nonlinguistic spatial tasks. We studied deaf children living in Istanbul whose hearing losses prevented them from acquiring speech and whose hearing parents had not…
Descriptors: Spatial Ability, Linguistic Input, Deafness, Children
Sato, Manami; Bergen, Benjamin K. – Cognition, 2013
Language comprehenders can mentally simulate perceptual and motor features of scenes they hear or read about (Barsalou, 1999; Glenberg & Kaschak, 2002; Zwaan, Stanfield, & Yaxley, 2002). Recent research shows that these simulations adopt a particular perspective (Borghi, Glenberg & Kaschak, 2004; Brunye, Ditman, Mahoney, Augustyn, & Taylor, 2009).…
Descriptors: Identification, Comprehension, Form Classes (Languages), Grammar