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Gideon Dishon; Sarit Barzilai; Johnatan Verissimo Yanai – Cognition and Instruction, 2024
The spread of misinformation has underscored the importance of cultivating citizens' competency to critically evaluate popular accounts of scientific evidence. Extending the prevailing emphasis on evidence in the natural sciences, we argue for fostering students' understanding of psychological evidence and its communication in the media. In this…
Descriptors: Psychology, Teaching Methods, Misinformation, Evidence
Batashvili, Michael; Cipora, Krzysztof; Hunt, Thomas E. – Journal of Numerical Cognition, 2022
Maths anxiety is common and refers to feelings of anxiety, fear and other negative emotions and thoughts in individuals when confronted with mathematical tasks or numerical information. Self-report measures of maths anxiety have been created, but the majority are in English and are not culturally relevant to all countries. This study aimed to…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Adults, Mathematics Anxiety, Anxiety
Branyan, Helen; Cooper, Elisheva; Shaki, Samuel; McCrink, Koleen – Journal of Cognition and Development, 2023
During the preschool years, children are simultaneously undergoing a reshaping of their mental number line and becoming increasingly sensitive to the social norms expressed by those around them. In the current study, 4- and 5-year-old American and Israeli children were given a task in which an experimenter laid out chips with numbers (1-5),…
Descriptors: Preschool Children, Memory, Spatial Ability, Number Concepts
Kallai, Arava Y.; Henik, Avishai – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2023
Given that both children and adults struggle with fractions in mathematics education, we investigated the processing of nonsymbolic fractions in a continuous form of part-of-the-whole. Continuous features of nonsymbolic numbers (e.g., the size of dots in an array) were found to influence numerosity judgment, but it should be noted that the…
Descriptors: Fractions, Mathematical Concepts, Numbers, Cognitive Processes
Daniel Fitousi – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2023
For nearly half a century now, Garner interference has been serving as the gold standard measure of dimensional interaction and selective attention. But the mechanisms that generate Garner interference are still not well understood. The current study proposes a novel theory that ascribes the interference (and dimensional interaction in general) to…
Descriptors: Interference (Learning), Attention, Cognitive Processes, Experimental Psychology
Lozin, Mariya; Pinhas, Michal – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2022
Little is known about the mental representation of large multidigit numbers that are usually beyond our personal experience. The present study explored the processing mechanisms of these numbers in a series of experiments, using the numerical comparison task. Experiment 1 included within and between-scale comparisons of multidigit numbers varying…
Descriptors: Numbers, Cognitive Processes, Undergraduate Students, Foreign Countries
Kreiner, Hamutal; Gamliel, Eyal – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2022
Attribute-framing bias (AFB) refers to addressees' bias in evaluating positively framed objects (80% success) more favorably than negatively framed ones (20% failure), although they are logically equivalent. The novelty of the current study is in examining conditions in which AFB occurs or does not occur. Typically, AFB is examined for favorable…
Descriptors: Deception, News Reporting, Social Bias, Ethics
Mor, Billy; Prior, Anat – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2022
Reading efficiently in a second language (L2) is a crucial skill, but it is not universally achieved. Here we ask whether L2 reading efficiency is better captured as a language specific skill or whether it is mostly shared across L1 and L2, relying on general language abilities. To this end, we examined word frequency and predictability effects in…
Descriptors: Prediction, Native Language, Second Language Learning, Reading Comprehension
Kolikant, Yifat Ben-David; Pollack, Sarah – Cognition and Instruction, 2015
Successful collaborative learning is often conceptualized in terms of convergence, a process through which participants' shared understanding increases. This conceptualization does not capture certain successful collaborative learning processes, especially in the humanities, where multiple perspectives are often celebrated. Such is the context of…
Descriptors: Persuasive Discourse, Cooperative Learning, Conflict, High School Students
Shoval, Roy; Luria, Roy; Makovski, Tal – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2020
Visual working memory (VWM) is traditionally assumed to be immune to proactive interference (PI). However, in a recent study (Endress & Potter, 2014), performance in a visual memory task was superior when all items were unique and hence interference from previous trials was impossible, compared to a standard condition in which a limited set of…
Descriptors: Short Term Memory, Visual Stimuli, Interference (Learning), College Students
Entel, Olga; Tzelgov, Joseph – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2020
It was suggested that 2 preconditions promote proactive control: a pending plan to control performance and availability of working memory (WM) storage resources. In 4 experiments, we applied these preconditions to the Stroop task. Using a new approach, we focused on task conflict while manipulating not only the different stimuli proportions, but…
Descriptors: Short Term Memory, Comparative Analysis, Reaction Time, Color
Hershman, Ronen; Henik, Avishai – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2019
It has been suggested that the Stroop task gives rise to 2 conflicts: the information conflict (color vs. word meaning) and the task conflict (name the color vs. read the word). However, behavioral indications for task conflict (reaction time [RT] congruent condition longer than RT neutral condition) appear under very restricted conditions. We…
Descriptors: Reaction Time, Eye Movements, Color, Interference (Learning)
Yechiam, Eldad; Ashby, Nathaniel J. S.; Hochman, Guy – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2019
The majority of the literature on the psychology of gains and losses suggests that losses lead to an avoidance response. Several studies, however, have shown that losses can also lead to an approach response, whereby an option is selected more often when it produces losses. In five studies we examine the boundary conditions for these contradictory…
Descriptors: Fear, Responses, Attention, Selection
Ziv, Margalit; Solomon, Ayelet; Strauss, Sidney; Frye, Douglas – Journal of Cognition and Development, 2016
The relations among children's theory of mind (ToM), their understanding of the intentionality of teaching, and their own peer teaching strategies were tested. Seventy-five 3-, 4-, and 5-year-olds completed 11 ToM and understanding-of-teaching tasks. Subsequently, 30 of the children were randomly chosen to teach a peer how to play a board game,…
Descriptors: Theory of Mind, Young Children, Peer Teaching, Games
Levi-Gamlieli, Hadas; Cohen, Anat; Nachmias, Rafi – Technology, Instruction, Cognition and Learning, 2015
The aim of this study is to identify online learning behavior that is excessively intense as reflected in a student's overly frequent interaction with the instructor through various communication channels. Then, this study aims to use learning analytics methodologies to discover whether a student with the identified behavior also displays the same…
Descriptors: Student Behavior, Online Courses, Web Sites, Teacher Student Relationship