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Bialystok, Ellen; Shorbagi, Sadek Hefni – Journal of Cognition and Development, 2021
In contrast to research that examines the effects of socioeconomic status (SES) and bilingualism on development by comparing clearly disparate groups, the present study investigated the role of subtle differences in these experiences for their joint impact on performance on a verbal fluency task and an executive function (EF) task. The study…
Descriptors: Young Children, Socioeconomic Status, Bilingualism, Differences
Bialystok, Ellen; Barac, Raluca – Cognition, 2012
The present studies revealed different factors associated with the reported advantages found in fully bilingual children for metalinguistic awareness and executive control. Participants were 100 children in Study 1 and 80 children in Study 2 in the process of becoming bilingual by attending immersion programs. In both studies, "level of…
Descriptors: Immersion Programs, Metalinguistics, Program Effectiveness, Bilingualism
Luo, Lin; Luk, Gigi; Bialystok, Ellen – Cognition, 2010
We use a time-course analysis to examine the roles of vocabulary size and executive control in bilinguals' verbal fluency performance. Two groups of bilinguals and a group of monolingual adults were tested in English with verbal fluency subtests from the Delis-Kaplan Executive Function System. The two bilingual groups were equivalent in their…
Descriptors: Monolingualism, Vocabulary Development, Language Proficiency, Bilingualism
Bialystok, Ellen; Luk, Gigi – Bilingualism: Language and Cognition, 2012
English receptive vocabulary scores from 797 monolingual and 808 bilingual participants between the ages of 17 and 89 years old were aggregated from 20 studies to compare standard scores across language groups. The distribution of scores was unimodal for both groups but the mean score was significantly different, with monolinguals obtaining higher…
Descriptors: Clinical Diagnosis, Monolingualism, Bilingualism, Receptive Language
Yim, Odilia; Bialystok, Ellen – Bilingualism: Language and Cognition, 2012
The study examined individual differences in code-switching to determine the relationship between code-switching frequency and performance in verbal and non-verbal task switching. Seventy-eight Cantonese-English bilinguals completed a semi-structured conversation to quantify natural code-switching, a verbal fluency task requiring language…
Descriptors: Bilingualism, Code Switching (Language), Sino Tibetan Languages, English (Second Language)
Bialystok, Ellen; Viswanathan, Mythili – Cognition, 2009
The present study used a behavioral version of an anti-saccade task, called the "faces task", developed by [Bialystok, E., Craik, F. I. M., & Ryan, J. (2006). Executive control in a modified anti-saccade task: Effects of aging and bilingualism. "Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition," 32,…
Descriptors: Monolingualism, Foreign Countries, Experimental Psychology, Bilingualism
Luk, Gigi; de Sa, Eric; Bialystok, Ellen – Bilingualism: Language and Cognition, 2011
Young English-speaking monolingual and bilingual adults were examined for English proficiency, language use history, and performance on a flanker task. The bilinguals, who were about twenty years old, were divided into two groups (early bilinguals and late bilinguals) according to whether they became actively bilingual before or after the age of…
Descriptors: Reaction Time, Monolingualism, Language Proficiency, Bilingualism
Luk, Gigi; Anderson, John A. E.; Craik, Fergus I. M.; Grady, Cheryl; Bialystok, Ellen – Brain and Cognition, 2010
To examine the effects of bilingualism on cognitive control, we studied monolingual and bilingual young adults performing a flanker task with functional MRI. The trial types of primary interest for this report were incongruent and no-go trials, representing interference suppression and response inhibition, respectively. Response times were similar…
Descriptors: Reaction Time, Inhibition, Young Adults, Monolingualism
Bialystok, Ellen; Luk, Gigi; Peets, Kathleen F.; Yang, Sujin – Bilingualism: Language and Cognition, 2010
Studies often report that bilingual participants possess a smaller vocabulary in the language of testing than monolinguals, especially in research with children. However, each study is based on a small sample so it is difficult to determine whether the vocabulary difference is due to sampling error. We report the results of an analysis of 1,738…
Descriptors: Monolingualism, Bilingualism, Receptive Language, Vocabulary
Bialystok, Ellen; Barac, Raluca; Blaye, Agnes; Poulin-Dubois, Diane – Journal of Cognition and Development, 2010
The effect of bilingualism on the cognitive skills of young children was investigated by comparing performance of 162 children who belonged to one of two age groups (approximately 3- and 4.5-year-olds) and one of three language groups on a series of tasks examining executive control and word mapping. The children were monolingual English speakers,…
Descriptors: Monolingualism, Bilingualism, Cognitive Ability, Vocabulary