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Kowalewski, David – Australian Journal of Environmental Education, 2012
Following evolutionary theory and an agriculture model, ecosystem research has stressed bottom-up dynamics, implying that top wild predators are epiphenomenal effects of more basic causes. As such, they are assumed expendable. A more modern co-evolutionary and wilderness approach--trophic cascades--instead suggests that top predators, whose…
Descriptors: Ecology, Environmental Education, Environmental Research, Conservation (Environment)