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Do Black and White Students Benefit from Racial Socialization? School Racial Socialization, School Climate, and Youth Academic Performance during Early Adolescence
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Wang, Ming-Te; Henry, Daphne A.; Del Toro, Juan – American Educational Research Journal, 2023
With racial inequalities plaguing the U.S. school system, educators have recognized the importance of establishing inclusive, equitable, and diverse school environments where students from different ethnic-racial backgrounds can feel respected and supported. This study examined the longitudinal links between adolescents' experiences of school…
Descriptors: Race, Socialization, Educational Environment, Academic Achievement
Police Stops and School Engagement: Examining Cultural Socialization from Parents and Schools as Protective Factors among African American Adolescents
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Del Toro, Juan; Wang, Ming-Te – American Educational Research Journal, 2023
Police stops often perpetuate racial disparities in academic outcomes, yet few studies have examined factors that mitigate these negative consequences. Using two longitudinal studies (Study 1: n = 483, M-age = 12.88, 53% males; Study 2: n = 131, M-age = 15.11, 34% males), this article tests whether parental and school cultural socialization…
Descriptors: African Americans, Police, Racial Differences, Learner Engagement