Paine and Sedlak (1994) refer to education in England as always having been "vertically differentiated" and "horizontally separated" (1994, 160). This paper takes their identification a step further by analyzing how the differentiation and separation of national education impacted the teaching profession. In addition, the paper…

The first round of attempts to extend the access of working people to higher education began in 1873 with an imitation of the University of London on the prairies of Illinois. For all practical purposes, it ended in the legislature of the State of New York in 1892, although it took more than a decade to formally close all of the external degree…

This article focuses on the origins, evolution, and social roles played by food service at colleges and universities. It emphasizes: (1) the gradual assumption of responsibility for housing and meals by universities during the medieval period; (2) the role of food service in the "collegiate way" philosophy so influential in British and…