Parental involvement is viewed as critical to the development of effective schools and student achievement. The relationship between parental involvement and achievement test scores at a rural high school in Florida was not known. This high school has not met the state standards as determined by the Florida Comprehensive Achievement Test (FCAT) twice in the past three years. This quantitative study used a correlational design to determine whether there was a relationship between three parental involvement variables (involvement levels, family types, and education levels) and student reading achievement test scores. The participants consisted of students enrolled in 9th and 10th grade Language art classes at a single rural high school. Each of the three research questions were tested using point biserial correlation (PBC) and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). These correlations revealed that there was a positive relationship between the three variables and reading achievement test scores and the analyses showed a significant effect. Involvement levels PBC revealed a positive relationship (rpb = 0.58, p less than 0.01, n = 355) and the ANOVA had a significant effect (F(4, 350) = 51.74, p less than 0.05). Family types PBC revealed a positive relationship (rpb = 0.36, p less than 0.01, n = 355) and the ANOVA had a significant effect (F(1, 353) = 52.52. p less than 0.05). Education levels PBC revealed a positive relationship (rpb = 0.47, p less than 0.01, n = 355) and the ANOVA had a significant effect (F(3, 351) = 34.25, p less than 0.05). Overall, children with level 5 parents scored higher than those of the other levels. Children from dual parent household had higher scores than those of single parents and children of parents who were college graduates and with some college had higher scores than children of parents who were high school graduates or non high school graduates. These relationships have positive implications for the local school district and the field of parental involvement. A suggestion for future research is that this study be repeated with a larger population and to extend over a longer period of time. [The dissertation citations contained here are published with the permission of ProQuest LLC. Further reproduction is prohibited without permission. Copies of dissertations may be obtained by Telephone (800) 1-800-521-0600. Web page: http://www.proquest.com/en-US/products/dissertations/individuals.shtml.]