Adolescent mental health is a significant concern for school social workers. School social workers bridge mental health needs and available resources with school professionals. The purpose of this mixed-methods participatory action research was to examine how a charter school with limited resources and a part-time social worker addressed students' mental health. The social work researcher applied role theory and the folk psychiatry model to show how the school's non-mental health professionals might use mental health literacy to address day-to-day mental health issues. The overarching research question for this study was: How can the professional staff at a charter school better address the mental health needs of their students in the absence of school social work services? The researcher collected data using a mental health literacy scale, a focus group with school professionals, two days observing student-school professional interactions, and a field journal. Study participants were teachers and school administrators in a Mountain charter school. The researcher thematically analyzed the data to answer the study's research questions. Four themes emerged: mental health literacy, barriers to mental health, mental health needs, and campus interventions. The study found teachers and school administrators to have a moderate level of mental health literacy despite feeling underprepared to intervene in students' mental health and social service needs. Upon completion of the study the researcher intends to provide four written recommendations. A recommendation to update the school's resource guide. A recommendation to institute mental health literacy training for teachers and school administrators. A recommendation to include a part-time social worker in school-level problem solving. Finally, a recommendation to employ a full-time school social worker. [The dissertation citations contained here are published with the permission of ProQuest LLC. Further reproduction is prohibited without permission. Copies of dissertations may be obtained by Telephone (800) 1-800-521-0600. Web page: http://www.proquest.com/en-US/products/dissertations/individuals.shtml.]