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Mateu, Victoria Eugenia – Language Acquisition: A Journal of Developmental Linguistics, 2015
This study explores the widely documented difficulty children have with object clitics in the acquisition of Romance languages. It reports on two experiments: a production task and a comprehension task. Results from the elicitation task confirm that object omission occurs at nonnegligible rates in 2- and 3-year-olds. Findings from the…
Descriptors: Spanish, Language Processing, Short Term Memory, Language Acquisition
Swanson, H. Lee; Orosco, Michael J.; Lussier, Cathy M.; Gerber, Michael M.; Guzman-Orth, Danielle A. – Journal of Educational Psychology, 2011
In this study, we explored whether the contribution of working memory (WM) to children's (N = 471) 2nd language (L2) reading and language acquisition was best accounted for by processing efficiency at a phonological level and/or by executive processes independent of phonological processing. Elementary school children (Grades 1, 2, & 3) whose…
Descriptors: Elementary School Students, Language Impairments, Short Term Memory, Grade 1
Swanson, H. Lee – Journal of Educational Psychology, 2008
This study explored the contribution of the phonological and executive working memory (WM) systems to 205 (102 girls, 103 boys, 6 to 9 years old) elementary school children's fluid and crystallized intelligence. The results show that (a) a 3-factor structure (phonological short-term memory [STM], visual-spatial WM, and verbal WM) was comparable…
Descriptors: Elementary School Students, Intelligence, Factor Structure, Short Term Memory
JENSEN, ARTHUR R. – 1964
AN INVESTIGATION WAS CONDUCTED (1) TO DEVISE A NUMBER OF LABORATORY MEASURES OF INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES IN SUSCEPTIBILITY TO INTERFERENCE EFFECTS IN LEARNING AND (2) TO DETERMINE THEIR DIMENSIONALITY IN A VARIETY OF INTERFERENCE EFFECTS. SUBJECTS WERE 530 STUDENTS IN INTRODUCTORY COURSES IN EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY AT THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA,…
Descriptors: College Students, Factor Analysis, Individual Differences, Intelligence
Jensen, Arthur R. – 1973
A large battery of various tests of intelligence, scholastic achievement, and short-term memory was administered to some 2,000 white, black, and Mexican American pupils in grades 4, 5, and 6 in a largely agricultural school district in the central valley of California; the 3 grades were used as separate replications. Factor analysis with oblique…
Descriptors: Black Students, Elementary Education, Intelligence Quotient, Intelligence Tests
Looney, Lisa; Wong, Eugene H.; Rosales, Kevin P.; Rosales, Florissell; Tirado, Gisselle – School Psychology International, 2023
Considerable research has documented the impact of teacher perceptions on students' academic-related outcomes (e.g., classroom performance). This body of literature clearly shows that teacher perceptions (resulting from direct interactions with students) can have both positive and negative effects with respect to student behaviors and experiences…
Descriptors: Teacher Attitudes, Short Term Memory, Executive Function, Academic Achievement
Swanson, H. Lee – Developmental Psychology, 2017
This study investigates whether age-related changes in the structure of 5 complex working memory (WM) tasks (a) reflect a general or domain specific system, (b) follows a similar trajectory across different age spans, and (c) contribute domain general or domain specific resources to achievement measures. The study parsed the sample (N = 2,471)…
Descriptors: Visual Perception, Spatial Ability, Verbal Ability, Short Term Memory
Wiest, Dudley J.; Wong, Eugene H.; Minero, Laura P.; Pumaccahua, Tessy T. – Education, 2014
Working memory has been well documented as a significant predictor of academic outcomes (e.g., reading and math achievement as well as general life outcomes). The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of computerized cognitive training to improve both working memory and encoding abilities in a school setting. Thirty students…
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Short Term Memory, Intervention, Parochial Schools
Winke, Paula – Modern Language Journal, 2013
In this study I examine the construct of aptitude in learning Chinese as a second language (L2) to an advanced level. I test 2 hypotheses: first, that L2 aptitude comprises 4 components--working memory, rote memory, grammatical sensitivity, and phonemic coding ability--and second, that L2 aptitude affects learning both directly and indirectly…
Descriptors: Chinese, Second Language Learning, Short Term Memory, Language Aptitude
Hamilton, Stephen T.; Freed, Erin M.; Long, Debra L. – Discourse Processes: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 2013
The goal of this study was to examine predictions derived from the Lexical Quality Hypothesis regarding relations among word decoding, working-memory capacity, and the ability to integrate new concepts into a developing discourse representation. Hierarchical Linear Modeling was used to quantify the effects of three text properties (length,…
Descriptors: Reading Ability, Decoding (Reading), Reading Comprehension, Reader Text Relationship
Slevc, L. Robert – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2011
The role of working memory (WM) in sentence comprehension has received considerable interest, but little work has investigated how sentence production relies on memory mechanisms. Three experiments investigated speakers' tendency to produce syntactic structures that allow for early production of material that is accessible in memory. In Experiment…
Descriptors: Sentences, Short Term Memory, Experiments, Memory
Wood, Justin N. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 2011
Visual working memory (VWM) is widely thought to contain specialized buffers for retaining spatial and object information: a "spatial-object architecture." However, studies of adults, infants, and nonhuman animals show that visual cognition builds on core knowledge systems that retain more specialized representations: (1) spatiotemporal…
Descriptors: Evidence, Architecture, Infants, Short Term Memory
Jerman, Olga; Reynolds, Chandra; Swanson, H. Lee – Learning Disability Quarterly, 2012
The present study investigated whether (a) growth patterns related to cognitive processing (working memory, updating, inhibition) differed in subgroups of children with reading disabilities (RD) and (b) growth in working memory (executive processing) predicted growth in other cognitive areas, such as reading and math. Seventy-three children (ages…
Descriptors: Reading Difficulties, Inhibition, Short Term Memory, Decoding (Reading)
Do Students Think That Difficult or Valuable Materials Should Be Restudied Sooner Rather than Later?
Cohen, Michael S.; Yan, Veronica X.; Halamish, Vered; Bjork, Robert A. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2013
Despite the clear long-term benefits of spaced practice, students and teachers often choose massed practice. Whether learners actually fail to appreciate the benefits of spacing is, however, open to question. Early studies (e.g., Zechmeister & Shaughnessy, 1980) found that participants' judgments of learning were higher after massed than after…
Descriptors: Study Habits, Intervals, Time Management, Time Factors (Learning)
Storm, Benjamin C.; Angello, Genna; Bjork, Elizabeth Ligon – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2011
Research on retrieval-induced forgetting has shown that retrieval can cause the forgetting of related or competing items in memory (Anderson, Bjork, & Bjork, 1994). In the present research, we examined whether an analogous phenomenon occurs in the context of creative problem solving. Using the Remote Associates Test (RAT; Mednick, 1962), we…
Descriptors: Animals, Stimuli, Problem Solving, Memory
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