"New wave" gender theorists (those who ascribe to feminist post-structuralist theory) caution that nonsexist work with young children is likely to be unsuccessful in the long term because theories of gender and the approach to gender in the curriculum have, until now, ignored one key issue: the question of power. This booklet explores the power dynamics in children's play, especially in children's storylines. Sections of the booklet explore gender and power in play, power relationships in children's play, overt power relationships, and the legacy of overt expressions of power. Also explored are covert expressions of power, especially storylines, and the roles of girls, boys, and girls and boys together. The next sections include a discussion of gender, power, and storylines; approaches to challenging power relationships; the identification of the power effects of children's play; and evaluation of the power effects of children's storylines. The final sections of the booklet: introduce storylines which minimize sexist power effects; relate a case study of a boy who developed an appreciation of caring, domestic storylines after interventions over several months; and provide concluding remarks. Contains 10 references, 5 of which the author found particularly useful on new wave theory. (DR)