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Rafetseder, Eva; Schwitalla, Maria; Perner, Josef – Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 2013
The objective of this study was to describe the developmental progression of counterfactual reasoning from childhood to adulthood. In contrast to the traditional view, it was recently reported by Rafetseder and colleagues that even a majority of 6-year-old children do not engage in counterfactual reasoning when asked counterfactual questions…
Descriptors: Logical Thinking, Individual Development, Children, Preadolescents
Steegen, Sara; Neys, Wim De – Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 2012
Adult reasoning has been shown as mediated by the inhibition of intuitive beliefs that are in conflict with logic. The current study introduces a classic procedure from the memory field to investigate belief inhibition in 12- to 17-year-old reasoners. A lexical decision task was used to probe the memory accessibility of beliefs that were cued…
Descriptors: Evidence, Conflict, Inhibition, Memory
Godwin, Karrie E.; Matlen, Bryan J.; Fisher, Anna V. – Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 2013
Category-based reasoning is central to mature cognition; however, the developmental course of this ability remains contested. One strong indicator of category-based reasoning is the propensity to make inferences based on semantically similar labels. Recent evidence indicates that in preschool-age children the effects of semantically similar labels…
Descriptors: Children, Priming, Family Relationship, Inferences
Conry-Murray, Clare – Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 2013
Two age groups of children, 5- and 6-year-olds (n = 30) and 8- and 9-year-olds (n = 26), made judgments about which of two items a character should choose: a gender-typical item or a gender-atypical item that was preferred by the character. Judgments were made about situations where the character was (a) in a familiar public setting and (b) in a…
Descriptors: Personality, Familiarity, Age Groups, Children
Dack, Lisa Ain; Astington, Janet Wilde – Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 2011
It is widely accepted that adults show an advantage for deontic over epistemic reasoning. Two published studies (Cummins, 1996b; Harris and Nunez, 1996, Experiment 4) found evidence of this "deontic advantage" in preschool-aged children and are frequently cited as evidence that preschoolers show the same deontic advantage as adults. However,…
Descriptors: Cues, Context Effect, Thinking Skills, Epistemology
Joh, Amy S.; Spivey, Leigh A. – Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 2012
Spatial reasoning, a crucial skill for everyday actions, develops gradually during the first several years of childhood. Previous studies have shown that perceptual information and problem solving strategies are critical for successful spatial reasoning in young children. Here, we sought to link these two factors by examining children's use of…
Descriptors: Preschool Children, Color, Cues, Spatial Ability
Son, Ji Y.; Smith, Linda B.; Goldstone, Robert L. – Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 2011
The practice of learning from multiple instances seems to allow children to learn about relational structure. The experiments reported here focused on two issues regarding relational learning from multiple instances: (a) what kind of perceptual situations foster such learning and (b) how particular object properties, such as complexity and…
Descriptors: Theory Practice Relationship, Generalization, Children, Thinking Skills
Hribar, Alenka; Haun, Daniel B. M.; Call, Josep – Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 2012
We investigated 4- and 5-year-old children's mapping strategies in a spatial task. Children were required to find a picture in an array of three identical cups after observing another picture being hidden in another array of three cups. The arrays were either aligned one behind the other in two rows or placed side by side forming one line.…
Descriptors: Concept Mapping, Investigations, Task Analysis, Children
Boyer, Ty W.; Levine, Susan C. – Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 2012
The current experiments examined the role of scale factor in children's proportional reasoning. Experiment 1 used a choice task and Experiment 2 used a production task to examine the abilities of kindergartners through fourth-graders to match equivalent, visually depicted proportional relations. The findings of both experiments show that accuracy…
Descriptors: Scaling, Measures (Individuals), Mathematical Concepts, Task Analysis
Richland, Lindsey Engle; Chan, Tsz-Kit; Morrison, Robert G.; Au, Terry Kit-Fong – Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 2010
A cross-cultural comparison between U.S. and Hong Kong preschoolers examined factors responsible for young children's analogical reasoning errors. On a scene analogy task, both groups had adequate prerequisite knowledge of the key relations, were the same age, and showed similar baseline performance, yet Chinese children outperformed U.S. children…
Descriptors: Cross Cultural Studies, Semantics, Young Children, Cultural Differences
Carroll, Daniel J.; Riggs, Kevin J.; Apperly, Ian A.; Graham, Kate; Geoghegan, Ceara – Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 2012
A total of 69 preschool children were tested on measures of false belief understanding (the Unexpected Transfer task), inhibitory control (the Grass/Snow task), and strategic reasoning (the Windows task). For each task, children indicated their response either by pointing with their index finger or by using a nonstandard response mode (pointing…
Descriptors: Theory of Mind, Preschool Children, Inhibition, Feedback (Response)
Agostino, Alba; Johnson, Janice; Pascual-Leone, Juan – Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 2010
We investigated the extent to which inhibition, updating, shifting, and mental-attentional capacity ("M"-capacity) contribute to children's ability to solve multiplication word problems. A total of 155 children in Grades 3-6 (8- to 13-year-olds) completed a set of multiplication word problems at two levels of difficulty: one-step and multiple-step…
Descriptors: Reading Comprehension, Reading Tests, Age, Structural Equation Models
Badger, Julia R.; Shapiro, Laura R. – Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 2012
We examined whether inductive reasoning development is better characterized by accounts assuming an early category bias versus an early perceptual bias. We trained 264 children aged 3 to 9 years to categorize novel insects using a rule that directly pitted category membership against appearance. This was followed by an induction task with…
Descriptors: Abstract Reasoning, Classification, Children, Entomology
Morsanyi, Kinga; Handley, Simon J. – Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 2008
We examined the relationship between cognitive capacity and heuristic responding on four types of reasoning and decision-making tasks. A total of 84 children, between 5 years 2 months and 11 years 7 months of age, participated in the study. There was a marked increase in heuristic responding with age that was related to increases in cognitive…
Descriptors: Heuristics, Memory, Young Children, Cognitive Ability
De Neys, Wim; Everaerts, Deborah – Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 2008
Two experiments examined developmental patterns in children's conditional reasoning with everyday causal conditionals. In Experiment 1, a group of pre-, early, young, and late adolescents generated counterexamples for a set of conditionals to validate developmental claims about the counterexample retrieval capacity. In Experiment 2, participants…
Descriptors: Late Adolescents, Early Adolescents, Inhibition, Preadolescents