Education in Mexico wants restructuring since the signing of the North America Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) by Canada, Mexico and the United States in 1994. In higher education, a new policy has been adopted to increase the enrollment, but a simultaneous improvement in quality is also needed. Nevertheless it clashes with old academic structures. This article analyzes this situation in six sections: (1) introduction; (2) key features of the Mexican higher education system; (3) main problems of higher education; (4) solutions proposed, resources required and expected outcomes; (5) effects of the free trade agreement; and (6) conclusions.