This essay discusses family health needs in the developing world, their priorities, and the standards of health required, with particular reference to family planning. The author takes into account medical, social, and economic factors that influence those concerns. Some of the material presented in this essay first appeared in other international publications. The author has based his views largely on his experience in Africa. A reference section is included along with a listing of International Planned Parenthood Federation publications for further reading and IPPF Officers worldwide. (Author/MA)