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Montgomery, Jennifer J. – ProQuest LLC, 2015
This dissertation examines state-level efforts to mandate the Pledge of Allegiance in public schools, especially following 9/11. Despite longstanding Supreme Court precedent declaring mandatory flag salutes unconstitutional, various state legislatures sought to institute or strengthen pledge mandates irrespective of students' civil liberties.…
Descriptors: Public Schools, Case Studies, State Legislation, Patriotism
Lawkowski, Susan J. – ProQuest LLC, 2010
The historical research study will focus on the development and growth of virtual education programs for K-12 students, with primary emphasis on the states of Florida, California, and Pennsylvania. The term virtual education will be used interchangeably throughout this document with online courses and e-learning. The purpose of this historical…
Descriptors: Cognitive Style, Reading Fluency, Reading Achievement, Standardized Tests
Finn, Chester E., Ed., Jr.; Fairchild, Daniela R., Ed. – Thomas B. Fordham Institute, 2012
Will the digital-learning movement repeat the mistakes of the charter-school movement? How much more successful might today's charter universe look if yesterday's proponents had focused on the policies and practices needed to ensure its quality, freedom, and resources over the long term? What mistakes might have been avoided? Damaging scandals…
Descriptors: Charter Schools, Quality Control, Educational Change, Educational Technology