College students were randomly assigned to seven note-taking and review conditions in order to determine the relative importance of the functions of encoding and either an externally provided or a personally produced memory device. (Editor)

The literature on the three most commonly used study techniques was surveyed. Underlining and note taking, requiring active student involvement, were found to be the most effective techniques. (MA)

Field-independent and field-dependent college students studied a 1525-word article under a preferred or nonpreferred study condition (read only, underline, or note taking). Half of the subjects reviewed the material prior to an examination and half did not. Results indicated that field-independent subjects who used a nonpreferred study technique…

College students were assigned to various study and review conditions in order to determine the effect of using a preferred or nonpreferred mode of study and of being familiar or unfamiliar with the assigned reading topic. Results of the posttest showed that reading only when one preferred this technique and was familiar with the topic produced…