Research in multicultural literature addressing the dynamics among Whites have primarily addressed counselor-client dyads. This study examines how training in multicultural awareness, knowledge, and skills influences the evaluation of White counselors' multicultural counseling competence. Fifty-four White Americans enrolled in American…

In this study multicultural counseling training contributed significantly to the variance in ratings of a culturally sensitive counselor. No significant contribution was made to the variance in ratings of the culturally insensitive counselor. Possible explanations and implications of these results in multicultural counseling supervision are…

There is a growing awareness of a sensitivity to ethnic and cultural issues in the helping professions. For the last decade a variety of multicultural concerns have been receiving increased attention. Although there is awareness, the mental health fields have not really addressed the issues involved in the counseling of culturally diverse…

Empathy has been defined as the single most important dimension in establishing a counseling relationship. This paper describes a study that compares counselor trainees' and a general population of African American males' empathy ratings of racially mixed videotaped counseling sessions. The report addresses the following questions: "Do…

This study examined the extent to which counseling students' sex, self-reported multicultural competence, and cognitive development stage scores account for the variance in White Racial Identity Stage scale scores. Participants, who were 92 white graduate students in counseling, took the White Racial Identity Attitude Scale, a 50-item self-report…

Recent research has produced ambiguous results as to whether traditional training in multicultural development, awareness, knowledge, and skills is necessary to produce counseling competence. To explore this question, a study of multicultural counseling competence prior to multicultural counseling training is reported here. For the study, a…

As more Anglo trainees choose multicultural counseling as a specialty area, a closer examination of white on white professional activity would appear imperative. Researchers mailed questionnaires to 48 counseling psychology students in a graduate-level program at a Midwestern university. The surveys requested a general description of trainees'…

Examines the responses of graduate students (N=39) in a counseling psychology program, to required coursework in multicultural counseling, and their perceptions of others' responses. Results indicate that embracing or rejecting the concepts of multiculturalism appears unrelated to demonstrated competence in the curriculum, which raises questions…

For a number of years, Division 17 of the American Psychological Association has delivered a strong message to all accredited sites as to the importance of attending to diversity in the training of Counseling Psychologists. Although many training sites have responded to this mandate, scholars and researchers have, in increasing numbers, added…

Competence in multicultural counseling has been defined as the knowledge of clients' culture and the ability to devise innovative strategies vis-a-vis the unique client needs. Data were collected to assess the specific most critical needs of graduate students (N=79) enrolled in a cross-cultural counseling course. During the first session over four…

This article highlights 2 African-American women participants' unique experiences and perspectives in the Supervision and Training work group at the Division 17's Section for the Advancement of Women (SAW) Michigan conference. Differences between the authors' and White group members' experiences and perceptions are presented and discussed.

The development and refinement of the Preservation, Accommodation, and Repatterning model (PAR) took place over a 10-year period. This paper presents a discussion of the evolution of PAR. The paper describes the observations and the line of empirical research findings that guided conceptualization and evaluation of the model. The model was…

This paper presents a programmatic strategy to address unresolved student-student disagreements. The paper examines cultural norms--within training programs in academic settings--that contribute to interpersonal problems among students. It describes the following norms as related to some stated principles for negotiating diversity: (1) program…

This article presents the findings of a literature review conducted in order to assess the degree to which the biracial/multiracial population has been addressed in the four major journals of counseling psychology: "Journal of Multicultural Counseling and Development,""Journal of Counseling and Development,""The Counseling Psychologist," and the…

Multicultural empathy has been recognized as an important factor in successfully treating ethnic minority clients. A study detailing the relationship between White counselor trainees' general ability to empathize and their ability to interact comfortably outside their culture of origin is described in this paper. Thirty-three counselor trainees…