In separate research studies, students who were given a choice of learning materials or who had control over aversive noise, demonstrated higher motivation and better task performance. To investigate the additive effects of choice and control on perception of control, 80 male and female college students participated in a 2 (choice vs. no-choice) X 2 (control vs. no-control) research design using a paired-associate (PA) word choice task and a dice game. In the PA word choice task, subjects were shown a stimulus word and two possible response words. In the choice condition subjects either chose a response word, or were assigned the response word. All subjects received white noise during the decision trial; in the control condition the noise was discontinued after a choice was made. In the dice game, subjects rated their expectancy for winning prior to throwing the dice. After both events, all subjects were administered a PA cued-recall task and a perceived control questionnaire. Analysis of the results showed no additive effects of choice and control on expectancy measures in a gambling task and memory performance. The decision latencies in the PA task were responsible for the development of perceived control stemming from choice but not control. The contrasting results suggest the effects of choice and control may not be additive due to the unique characteristics of choice and control. (Author/BL)