Attempts to measure the involvement of an active memory process in the storage of the memory stimulus and to determine if such involvement is necessary for obtaining a Posner effect, which suggest that visual memory is not damaged by distractor tasks. (Author/RK)

According to Barlett (1932) remembering prose is a constructive process. Meaningful material is stored in memory in schematic form and recall is achieved by a process of reconstruction. Bartlett observed that recall becomes distorted with the passage of time. This research deals with constructive remembering over time in terms that are compatible…

The present study investigated how much surface structure and meaning is retained when subjects process sentences at different levels of analysis at presentation. (Author/RK)

Investigates the effect of specificity on retention following nonsemantic processing. Five experiments are reported in which structural specificity was manipulated along with either phonemic or orthographic dimensions, and process specificity was manipulated by variations in the nonsemantic orienting tasks. Data are interpreted in terms of a…

Pictures of common objects apparently function as effective memory representations without evoking their corresponding name codes. The first three experiments of this report were designed to explore the limits of the independence of the naming process by varying relationships between the labels for the pictures and their responses. (Author)

Subjects read passages taken from Bransford and Johnson's materials either with or without the context-inducing title provided. The presence of the title increased comprehension and recall but had no effect on recognition. Activation of relevant information already stored in memory may not be essential to the encoding process. (Author/RD)

The extent to which an orienting activity exerts control over the encoding process was studied. Two experiments were reported in which associative meaningfulness was varied under conditions of semantic and nonsemantic processing. Both experiments showed effects of meaningfulness following both semantic and nonsemantic tasks. (Author/MH)

Two concept learning experiments were performed in which the stimulus dimensions were applicable to persons. (Editor)

A two-process theory of the spacing (lag) effect in free recall is presented and tested. (Editor/RK)

The present experiment measured the effects that shadowing (repeating aloud) a series of aurally presented items has on the reading process. (Author/RK)

Two experiments were conducted to determine whether the auditory and visual systems process simultaneously presented pairs of alphanumeric information differently. (Editor)

The three experiments reported in this article were concerned with the question of how response factors influence the process of stimulus encoding. (Author)

Research suggests that we process information by way of two distinct and functionally separate coding systems. Their location, somewhat dependent on cerebral laterality, varies in right- and left-handed persons. Tests this dual coding model. (Editor/RK)

The nature of the target designation process--which involves forming interassociated mental structures to allow retrieval of individual items of information--was studied. It was shown that visual imagery instructions improved target identification as well as word recognition but did not appear to affect the representational format. (Author/MH)

The ability of preverbal infants to abstract a prototypical representation of a category, when presented with examples of an artifically constructed category, was investigated. It was determined that infants could process visual information constructively and could take a more active role in category formation than previously believed. (Author/MH)