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D'Amico, Antonella; Passolunghi, Maria Chiara – Learning and Individual Differences, 2009
We report a two-year longitudinal study aimed at investigating the rate of access to numerical and non-numerical information in long-term memory and the functioning of automatic and effortful cognitive inhibition processes in children with arithmetical learning disabilities (ALDs). Twelve children with ALDs, of age 9.3 years, and twelve…
Descriptors: Learning Disabilities, Inhibition, Short Term Memory, Long Term Memory
Hooper, Stephen R.; Costa, Lara-Jeane; McBee, Matthew; Anderson, Kathleen L.; Yerby, Donna C.; Knuth, Sean B.; Childress, Amy – Reading and Writing: An Interdisciplinary Journal, 2011
The primary purpose of this study was to examine several key questions related to the neuropsychological contributors to early written language. First, can we develop an empirical measurement model that encompasses many of the neuropsychological components that have been deemed as important to the development of written language? Second, once…
Descriptors: Writing (Composition), Spelling, Grades (Scholastic), Structural Equation Models
Grantham-McGregor, Sally; Smith, Joanne A. – Journal of Applied Research on Children, 2016
We review the development of the Jamaican home visiting intervention for children under 4 years and its evidence base. The intervention has focused on supporting mothers to promote the development of their children through interacting in a responsive way, labelling the environment and activities. The curriculum is structured and cognitively…
Descriptors: Early Childhood Education, Child Development, Depression (Psychology), Home Visits
Plester, Beverly; Wood, Clare; Joshi, Puja – British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 2009
This paper presents a study of 88 British 10-12-year-old children's knowledge of text message (SMS) abbreviations ("textisms") and how it relates to their school literacy attainment. As a measure of textism knowledge, the children were asked to compose text messages they might write if they were in each of a set of scenarios. Their text…
Descriptors: Reading Difficulties, Phonological Awareness, Short Term Memory, Reading Ability
Hannon, Brenda; Frias, Sarah – Journal of Educational Psychology, 2012
The present study reports the development of a theoretically motivated measure that provides estimates of a preschooler's ability to recall auditory text, to make text-based inferences, to access knowledge from long-term memory, and to integrate this accessed knowledge with new information from auditory text. This new preschooler component…
Descriptors: Factor Analysis, Prior Learning, Reading Comprehension, Decoding (Reading)
Reese, Elaine; Newcombe, Rhiannon – Child Development, 2007
This longitudinal intervention assessed children's memory at 2-1/2 years (short-term posttest; N = 115) and their memory and narrative at 3-1/2 years (long-term posttest; N = 100) as a function of maternal training in elaborative reminiscing when children were 1-1/2 to 2-1/2 years. At both posttests, trained mothers were more elaborative in their…
Descriptors: Mothers, Intervention, Longitudinal Studies, Pretests Posttests
Jones, Gary; Gobet, Fernand; Pine, Julian M. – Cognitive Science, 2008
Increasing working memory (WM) capacity is often cited as a major influence on children's development and yet WM capacity is difficult to examine independently of long-term knowledge. A computational model of children's nonword repetition (NWR) performance is presented that independently manipulates long-term knowledge and WM capacity to determine…
Descriptors: Short Term Memory, Computer Simulation, Child Development, Models
Li, Hong; Shu, Hua; McBride-Chang, Catherine; Liu, Hong Yun; Xue, Jin – Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 2009
A total of 82 Chinese 11- and 12-year-olds with and without dyslexia were tested on four paired associate learning (PAL) tasks, phonological awareness, morphological awareness, rapid naming, and verbal short-term memory in three different experiments. Experiment 1 demonstrated that children with dyslexia were significantly poorer in visual-verbal…
Descriptors: Dyslexia, Phonological Awareness, Paired Associate Learning, Short Term Memory
Lloyd, Marianne E.; Doydum, Ayzit O.; Newcombe, Nora S. – Child Development, 2009
Previous research has suggested that performance for items requiring memory-binding processes improves between ages 4 and 6 (J. Sluzenski, N. Newcombe, & S. L. Kovacs, 2006). The present study suggests that much of this improvement is due to retrieval, as opposed to encoding, deficits for 4-year-olds. Four- and 6-year-old children (N = 48 per age)…
Descriptors: Short Term Memory, Long Term Memory, Young Children, Task Analysis
Strand, Michael T.; Hawk, Larry W., Jr.; Bubnik, Michelle; Shiels, Keri; Pelham, William E., Jr.; Waxmonsky, James G. – Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 2012
Working memory (WM) is considered a core deficit in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), with numerous studies demonstrating impaired WM among children with ADHD. We tested the degree to which WM in children with ADHD was improved by performance-based incentives, an analog of behavioral intervention. In two studies, WM performance was…
Descriptors: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Control Groups, Stimulants, Program Effectiveness
Metzger, Richard L.; Warren, Amye R.; Shelton, Jill T.; Price, Jodi; Reed, Andrea W.; Williams, Danny – Developmental Psychology, 2008
The Deese/Roediger-McDermott (DRM) paradigm was used to investigate developmental trends in accurate and false memory production. In Experiment 1, DRM lists adjusted to be more consistent with children's vocabulary were used with 2nd graders, 8th graders, and college students. Accurate and false recall and recognition increased with age, but…
Descriptors: College Students, Semantics, Age Differences, Memory
Langhorst, Petra; Ehlert, Antje; Fritz, Annemarie – South African Journal of Childhood Education, 2013
Mathematical development processes begin long before school starts and the importance of previous mathematical knowledge for later school achievements is beyond dispute. For a suitable pre-school education, the focus of interest must be to find out which early learning processes prepare children best. In this article, the acquisition of the key…
Descriptors: Mathematics Education, Language Processing, Mathematical Concepts, Numeracy
Jones, Gary; Tamburelli, Marco; Watson, Sarah E.; Gobet, Fernand; Pine, Julian M. – Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 2010
Purpose: Deficits in phonological working memory and deficits in phonological processing have both been considered potential explanatory factors in specific language impairment (SLI). Manipulations of the lexicality and phonotactic frequency of nonwords enable contrasting predictions to be derived from these hypotheses. Method: Eighteen typically…
Descriptors: Language Impairments, Short Term Memory, Language Aptitude, Nonverbal Ability
Miller, Meghan; Nevado-Montenegro, Adriana J.; Hinshaw, Stephen P. – Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 2012
We prospectively followed an ethnically and socioeconomically diverse sample of preadolescent girls with ADHD (n = 140) and matched comparison girls (n = 88) over a period of 10 years, from middle childhood through late adolescence/young adulthood. Our aim was to examine the ability of childhood measures of executive function (EF) to predict…
Descriptors: Females, Reading Achievement, Attention Deficit Disorders, Late Adolescents
García, Emma; Weiss, Elaine – Economic Policy Institute, 2015
Understanding disparities in school readiness among America's children when they begin kindergarten is critically important, now more than ever. In today's 21st century global economy, it is expected that the great majority of children will complete high school ready to enter college or begin a career, and assume their civic responsibilities. This…
Descriptors: Kindergarten, Equal Education, Early Childhood Education, Social Influences