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Falahinia, Gholam Hossein; Maleki, Arezoo; Khalili, Zahra; Soltanian, Alireza – International Journal of Training Research, 2023
Medication errors may arise due to insufficient information on drug use. The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of educational support on standards of medication administration regarding nursing medication errors in Intensive Care Units (ICU). The study's participants included two groups of ICU nurses. Both groups were observed…
Descriptors: Drug Therapy, Nursing, Hospitals, Comparative Analysis
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Garbayo, Luciana S.; Harris, David M.; Fiore, Stephen M.; Robinson, Matthew; Kibble, Jonathan D. – Advances in Physiology Education, 2023
The purpose of this study was to 1) help novice students scaffold problem-solving and engage safely in the deliberate practice of diagnostic reasoning and medical decision-making in real time; 2) assess how accurately students gather and apply data in medical reasoning and treatment during high-fidelity patient simulations (HFPSs); 3) identify…
Descriptors: Decision Making, Self Esteem, Problem Solving, Scaffolding (Teaching Technique)
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Groom, Madeleine J.; Liddle, Elizabeth B.; Scerif, Gaia; Liddle, Peter F.; Batty, Martin J.; Liotti, Mario; Hollis, Chris P. – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2013
Background: Children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are characterised by developmentally inappropriate levels of hyperactivity, impulsivity and/or inattention and are particularly impaired when performing tasks that require a high level of cognitive control. Methylphenidate (MPH) and motivational incentives may help improve…
Descriptors: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Children, Drug Therapy, Intervention
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van Wouwe, N. C.; Ridderinkhof, K. R.; Band, G. P. H.; van den Wildenberg, W. P. M.; Wylie, S. A. – Neuropsychologia, 2012
Learning to select optimal behavior in new and uncertain situations is a crucial aspect of living and requires the ability to quickly associate stimuli with actions that lead to rewarding outcomes. Mathematical models of reinforcement-based learning to select rewarding actions distinguish between (1) the formation of stimulus-action-reward…
Descriptors: Mathematical Models, Diseases, Patients, Rewards
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Johnson, Katherine A.; Barry, Edwina; Bellgrove, Mark A.; Cox, Marie; Kelly, Simon P.; Daibhis, Aoife; Daly, Michael; Keavey, Michelle; Watchorn, Amy; Fitzgerald, Michael; McNicholas, Fiona; Kirley, Aiveen; Robertson, Ian H.; Gill, Michael – Neuropsychologia, 2008
Increased variability in reaction time (RT) has been proposed as a cardinal feature of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Increased variability during sustained attention tasks may reflect inefficient fronto-striatal and fronto-parietal circuitry; activity within these circuits is modulated by the catecholamines. A disruption to…
Descriptors: Comparative Analysis, Stimulants, Drug Therapy, Reaction Time
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Halari, Rozmin; Simic, Mima; Pariante, Carmine M.; Papadopoulos, Andrew; Cleare, Anthony; Brammer, Michael; Fombonne, Eric; Rubia, Katya – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2009
Background: There is increasing recognition of major depressive disorder (MDD) in adolescence. In adult MDD, abnormalities of fronto-striatal and fronto-cingulate circuitries mediating cognitive control functions have been implicated in the pathogenesis and been related to problems with controlling negative thoughts. No neuroimaging studies of…
Descriptors: Negative Attitudes, Attention, Pathology, Adolescents
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Yildiz, Ozlem; Sismanlar, Sahika G.; Memik, Nursu Cakin; Karakaya, Isik; Agaoglu, Belma – Child Psychiatry and Human Development, 2011
The aim of this study was to compare the safety, efficacy, tolerability, and the effects of atomoxetine and OROS-MPH on executive functions in children with ADHD. This study was an open-label study that only included two medication groups. Children were randomized to open-label atomoxetine or OROS-MPH for 12 weeks. Primary efficacy measures were…
Descriptors: Pain, Safety, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Patients
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Kyte, Zoe A.; Goodyer, Ian M.; Sahakian, Barbara J. – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2005
Background: To investigate whether recent first episode major depression in adolescence is characterised by selected executive difficulties in attentional flexibility, behavioural inhibition and decision-making. Methods: Selected executive functions were compared in adolescents with recent (past year) first episode major depression (n = 30) and…
Descriptors: Stimuli, Adolescents, Depression (Psychology), Cognitive Ability