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Maternal Language and Child Vocabulary Mediate Relations between Socioeconomic Status and Executive Function during Early Childhood
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Daneri, M. Paula; Blair, Clancy; Kuhn, Laura J.; Vernon-Feagans, Lynne; Greenberg, Mark; Cox, Martha; Burchinal, Peg; Willoughby, Michael; Garrett-Peters, Patricia; Mills-Koonce, Roger – Child Development, 2019
This article examined longitudinal relations among socioeconomic risk, maternal language input, child vocabulary, and child executive function (EF) in a large sample (N = 1,009) recruited for a prospective longitudinal study. Two measures of maternal language input derived from a parent-child picture book task, vocabulary diversity (VOCD), and…
Descriptors: Longitudinal Studies, Socioeconomic Status, Risk, Mothers
Salivary Cortisol Mediates Effects of Poverty and Parenting on Executive Functions in Early Childhood
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Blair, Clancy; Granger, Douglas A.; Willoughby, Michael; Mills-Koonce, Roger; Cox, Martha; Greenberg, Mark T.; Kivlighan, Katie T.; Fortunato, Christine K. – Child Development, 2011
In a predominantly low-income population-based longitudinal sample of 1,292 children followed from birth, higher level of salivary cortisol assessed at ages 7, 15, and 24 months was uniquely associated with lower executive function ability and to a lesser extent IQ at age 3 years. Measures of positive and negative aspects of parenting and…
Descriptors: Low Income, Child Rearing, Cognitive Ability, Intelligence Quotient