This book explores current theory, research, practice, and policy in the assessment of higher order thinking in mathematics, focusing on the elementary and secondary grades. Current knowledge and research on mathematics learning and testing is synthesized. Examples of innovative test items for classroom use and state assessment programs are…

The activities of an increasingly technological society call for greater command of science and mathematics at the precollege level than at any time in the past. Yet evidence from numerous studies indicates that the majority of U.S. citizens are not being equipped with the scientific and mathematical tools needed to participate in that…