As part of an ongoing ethnographic study, this paper aims to consider the practice of poetry, "sher-o-shayari", as naturalistic peer learning among a group of heroin addicts in Yamuna Bazaar, New Delhi. By examining meanings given to "sher-o-shayari" and experiences of participating in the practice, this article makes the claim that the practice of poetry involved three learning processes. First, it entailed "legitimate peripheral participation" during group sessions in which implicit performance rules were created, evolved, and transferred to newcomers. Second, it included "meaning negotiation" in which participants "break" and "join" different lines, images, or themes in group improvisation or individual creation events. Third, it contained "reflective learning", which enabled development of the "whole" person and helped situate the individual in the social world. Such data are important for the creation of "organic" peer education programs that utilize naturalistic peer learning mechanisms.