The study reported in this paper examined: (1) how the expectations of sexual relationships relate to the sexual experiences which male and female adolescents gather in their relationships with the opposite sex; and (2) whether male and female adolescents differ in their sexual behavior, their expectations for sexual relationships, their communication on sexual matters, and how they handle the risks of an Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) infection. The study also looked at whether the attitudes of male and female adolescents change when they engage in sexual intercourse. Male (N=166) and female (N=167) West German adolescents in grades 9 through 11 were matched in terms of age, education, and social class. All subjects completed a written questionnaire on sexuality and AIDS. For female adolescents, love, trust and understanding, tenderness and considerateness, sexual fidelity and sexual compatibility were more important than for male adolescents. Male adolescents were more interested in the good looks of their female partners. These gender differences remained stable when subgroups of adolescents who had a steady boyfriend or girlfriend and/or who had had intercourse were examined. In addition, females tended to talk more about sexuality and AIDS than did males. The results are discussed in terms of gender differences in negotiating sexual issues, such as the use of condoms in protection against AIDS. (Author/NB)