This digest summarizes a report of a study of the research literature on faculty publication productivity, with special emphasis on gender as a factor in publishing productivity. Major issues addressed by the report include: (1) the existence of significant gender and race differences in publishing productivity, with women and minorities over-represented among nonprolific faculty authors; (2) the relationship of gender to traditional measures of publication quantity and quality, and the finding that gender differences in institutional rewards, such as tenure and salary, remain even when publishing productivity is controlled; (3) reasons for the small percentage of faculty that publish prolifically, including the role of the institution in helping faculty sustain a commitment to publishing through work assignments; (4) reasons why so few women and minorities are among the prolific publishers, noting that productivity reflects career paths, work assignments, interests, and access to resources more characteristic of white men than of most women and minorities; and (5) implications for practice, such as institutional recognition of a broad range of scholarly activities including conference presentations, speeches, and electronic venues of communication. (DB)