Lissitz and Samuelsen (2007) propose a new framework for conceptualizing test validity that separates analysis of test properties from analysis of the construct measured. In response, the author of this article reviews fundamental characteristics of test validity, drawing largely from seminal writings as well as from the accepted standards. He argues that a serious validation endeavor requires integration of construct theory, subjective analysis of test content, and empirical analysis of item and test score data. He argues that the proposals presented by Lissitz and Samuelsen require revision or clarification to be useful to practitioners for justifying the use of a test for a particular purpose. He discusses the strengths and limitations of their proposal, as well as major tenets from other validity perspectives.