Latino children in immigrant families are less likely than their peers to participate in early schooling programs, which puts them at increased risk for learning problems and school failure. Factors such as family structure and size, parental education, and income are strongly associated with early learning experiences, participation in early schooling programs, and later academic performance. The authors present an overview of family, health, and institutional factors associated with access to and enrollment in early schooling programs, and they discuss barriers to participation among low-income Latino families.