A detailed report describes the planning, development, operation, results, and problems of an experiment in instructional television in El Salvador. Unlike other developing countries, El Salvador conceived of educational television as an integral component of national educational reform, embracing curriculum revision, teacher training, and new concepts of supervision and pupil evaluation. By the end of 1972, four years after El Salvador's educational reform began, notable accomplishments were obvious--more students enrolled, better learning, and equal or lower per student costs. Drawing upon data gathered and interpreted over a five-year period, the authors demonstrate how El Salvador achieved such results where other countries failed. A unified program of reform and a strong, capable administrator are shown to be crucial. The book concludes with a critical examination of television's role in educational reform and with an analysis of how the El Salvador experience can be applied to other developing countries. (HAB)