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Ladd, Helen F.; Muschkin, Clara G.; Dodge, Kenneth A. – National Center for Analysis of Longitudinal Data in Education Research (CALDER), 2015
This study examines the community-wide effects of two statewide early childhood policy initiatives in North Carolina. One initiative provides funding to improve the quality of child care services at the county level for all children between the ages of 0 to 5, and the other provides funding for preschool slots for disadvantaged four-year-olds.…
Descriptors: Program Effectiveness, Preschool Education, At Risk Students, Disadvantaged Youth
Ladd, Helen F.; Muschkin, Clara G.; Dodge, Kenneth A. – Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, 2014
This study examines the community-wide effects of two statewide early childhood policy initiatives in North Carolina. One initiative provides funding to improve the quality of child care services at the county level for all children between the ages of 0 to 5, and the other provides funding for preschool slots for disadvantaged four-year-olds.…
Descriptors: Early Childhood Education, Grade 3, Child Care, State Aid
Dodge, Kenneth A.; Bai, Yu; Ladd, Helen F.; Muschkin, Clara G. – Child Development, 2017
North Carolina's Smart Start and More at Four (MAF) early childhood programs were evaluated through the end of elementary school (age 11) by estimating the impact of state funding allocations to programs in each of 100 counties across 13 consecutive years on outcomes for all children in each county-year group (n = 1,004,571; 49% female; 61%…
Descriptors: Early Childhood Education, Educational Policy, Outcomes of Education, Elementary School Students
Fuller, Sarah C.; Ladd, Helen F. – Education Finance and Policy, 2013
We use North Carolina data to explore whether the quality of teachers in the lower elementary grades (K-2) falls short of teacher quality in the upper grades (3-5) and to examine the hypothesis that school accountability pressures contribute to such quality shortfalls. Our concern with the early grades arises from recent studies highlighting how…
Descriptors: Teacher Effectiveness, Comparative Analysis, Accountability, Federal Legislation
Fuller, Sarah C.; Ladd, Helen F. – National Center for Analysis of Longitudinal Data in Education Research, 2012
We use North Carolina data to explore the extent to which teachers in the lower grades (K-2) of elementary school are lower quality than in the upper grades (3-5) and to examine the hypothesis that accountability contributes to a shortfall in teacher quality in the lower grades. Our concern with early elementary grades arises from recent studies…
Descriptors: Teacher Effectiveness, Grades (Scholastic), Federal Legislation, Academic Achievement